Cyanocobalamin - Vitamin B12 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are classifications of cyanocobalamin?

  • Coenzyme (correct)
  • Vitamin (correct)
  • Hormone
  • Antianemic (correct)
  • What is an action of cyanocobalamin?

  • Aids in hair growth
  • Improves vision
  • Prevents skin diseases
  • Acts as a coenzyme for metabolic functions (correct)
  • Which of the following are uses of cyanocobalamin?

  • Treatment of anemia
  • B12 deficiency due to malabsorption disease
  • Increase B12 requirement due to pregnancy
  • All of the above (correct)
  • What is the dosage for treating anemia with cyanocobalamin?

    <p>IM, 100 mcg/day for 7 days, every other day for 7 days, then every other day for 2-3 weeks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two common side effects of cyanocobalamin?

    <p>Diarrhea and pruritus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some adverse effects of cyanocobalamin?

    <p>Peripheral vascular thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are contraindications for administering cyanocobalamin?

    <p>Folic acid deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe how cyanocobalamin is absorbed and excreted.

    <p>Absorbed systematically in the lower half of the ileum in the presence of calcium, initially bound to intrinsic factor, metabolized in the liver, and excreted in urine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored in patients receiving cyanocobalamin therapy?

    <p>Serum potassium, B12 levels, and increased reticulocyte count.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Classification

    • Functions as a coenzyme, plays a critical role in metabolic processes.
    • Recognized as a vital vitamin necessary for overall health.
    • Acts as an antianemic agent, important for preventing and treating anemia.

    Action

    • Serves as a coenzyme essential for fat, carbohydrate metabolism, and protein synthesis.
    • Crucial for cell growth and replication, hematopoiesis (production of blood cells), and myelin synthesis (protective sheath around nerves).

    Uses

    • Utilized in the treatment of anemia resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency.
    • Addresses B12 deficiency linked to malabsorption conditions.
    • Increased requirements during pregnancy, thyrotoxicosis (overactive thyroid), hemorrhage, malignancy, and liver or kidney diseases.

    Dosage

    • For anemia management, intramuscular (IM) administration of 100 mcg/day for the first week, followed by every other day for one week, then tapering to every other day for 2-3 weeks.
    • For B12 deficiency, IM dosage of 30 mcg/day for 5-10 days, then 100-200 mcg/month thereafter.

    Side Effects

    • Common side effects include diarrhea and itching (pruritus).

    Adverse Effects

    • Rare allergic reactions may occur due to impurities in preparation.
    • Potential serious adverse effects include peripheral vascular thrombosis, pulmonary edema, hypokalemia (low potassium), and congestive heart failure.

    Contraindications

    • Should not be used in individuals with hereditary optic nerve atrophy, folic acid deficiency, certain types of anemia, or in premature neonates.

    Absorption/Excretion

    • Absorbed in the lower half of the ileum in the presence of calcium.
    • Initially binds to intrinsic factor, forming a complex that facilitates absorption.
    • Metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through urine.

    Nursing Interventions (NI)

    • Monitor for signs and symptoms of B12 deficiency such as anorexia, fatigue, pallor, insomnia, irritability, and palpitations upon exertion.
    • Evaluate cardiac patients for heart failure, pulmonary edema, and hypokalemia during subcutaneous or intramuscular therapy.
    • Regularly check serum potassium and B12 levels, as well as reticulocyte count for red blood cell production.
    • Educate patients to report infection symptoms and encourage a diet high in B12-rich foods like clams, oysters, muscle meats, and dairy products.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on Cyanocobalamin, also known as Vitamin B12, with these flashcards. Explore its classification, action, and various uses in medical treatment. Perfect for students or healthcare professionals looking to enhance their understanding of this essential vitamin.

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