Questions and Answers
Which of the following are classifications of cyanocobalamin?
What is an action of cyanocobalamin?
Which of the following are uses of cyanocobalamin?
What is the dosage for treating anemia with cyanocobalamin?
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What are two common side effects of cyanocobalamin?
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What are some adverse effects of cyanocobalamin?
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Which of the following are contraindications for administering cyanocobalamin?
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Describe how cyanocobalamin is absorbed and excreted.
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What should be monitored in patients receiving cyanocobalamin therapy?
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Study Notes
Classification
- Functions as a coenzyme, plays a critical role in metabolic processes.
- Recognized as a vital vitamin necessary for overall health.
- Acts as an antianemic agent, important for preventing and treating anemia.
Action
- Serves as a coenzyme essential for fat, carbohydrate metabolism, and protein synthesis.
- Crucial for cell growth and replication, hematopoiesis (production of blood cells), and myelin synthesis (protective sheath around nerves).
Uses
- Utilized in the treatment of anemia resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency.
- Addresses B12 deficiency linked to malabsorption conditions.
- Increased requirements during pregnancy, thyrotoxicosis (overactive thyroid), hemorrhage, malignancy, and liver or kidney diseases.
Dosage
- For anemia management, intramuscular (IM) administration of 100 mcg/day for the first week, followed by every other day for one week, then tapering to every other day for 2-3 weeks.
- For B12 deficiency, IM dosage of 30 mcg/day for 5-10 days, then 100-200 mcg/month thereafter.
Side Effects
- Common side effects include diarrhea and itching (pruritus).
Adverse Effects
- Rare allergic reactions may occur due to impurities in preparation.
- Potential serious adverse effects include peripheral vascular thrombosis, pulmonary edema, hypokalemia (low potassium), and congestive heart failure.
Contraindications
- Should not be used in individuals with hereditary optic nerve atrophy, folic acid deficiency, certain types of anemia, or in premature neonates.
Absorption/Excretion
- Absorbed in the lower half of the ileum in the presence of calcium.
- Initially binds to intrinsic factor, forming a complex that facilitates absorption.
- Metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through urine.
Nursing Interventions (NI)
- Monitor for signs and symptoms of B12 deficiency such as anorexia, fatigue, pallor, insomnia, irritability, and palpitations upon exertion.
- Evaluate cardiac patients for heart failure, pulmonary edema, and hypokalemia during subcutaneous or intramuscular therapy.
- Regularly check serum potassium and B12 levels, as well as reticulocyte count for red blood cell production.
- Educate patients to report infection symptoms and encourage a diet high in B12-rich foods like clams, oysters, muscle meats, and dairy products.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Cyanocobalamin, also known as Vitamin B12, with these flashcards. Explore its classification, action, and various uses in medical treatment. Perfect for students or healthcare professionals looking to enhance their understanding of this essential vitamin.
