PH 11 Drug Therapy for Mental Health
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Questions and Answers

Which neurotransmitter is enhanced by benzodiazepines (BNZ) to reduce CNS activity?

  • GABA (correct)
  • Dopamine
  • Serotonin
  • Glutamate

    • Which of the following is a response to benzodiazepine (BNZ) binding to specific BNZ receptors?

  • Increased CNS activity
  • Increased anxiety
  • Reduced seizure activity (correct)
  • Reduced sedation

    • Which type of drugs have a different chemical structure from benzodiazepines (BNZs) but still bind strongly to BNZ receptors and act in the same ways?

  • Glutamate enhancers
  • GABA inhibitors
  • BNZ agonists (correct)
  • Dopamine blockers

    • Which of the following is a nursing implication for patients taking benzodiazepines (BNZs) for sleep?

    <p>Avoid taking sedatives with alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs can reduce anxiety, induce sleep, and relax skeletal muscles depending on drug dose and concentration?

    <p>Benzodiazepine agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drugs are usually a combination of dopamine and serotonin blockers used to reduce positive symptoms and improve negative symptoms of some types of psychosis without causing severe extrapyramidal effects?

    <p>Atypical antipsychotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs affects the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, and/or serotonin to help reduce depression?

    <p>Atypical antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is described as having the ability to reduce anxiety?

    <p>Anxiolytics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing the concentration of both neurotransmitters available to postsynaptic receptors?

    <p>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of sedatives?

    <p>Promoting sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of typical antipsychotics?

    <p>Blocking dopamine 2 (D2) receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mood stabilizers in treating bipolar illness?

    <p>Reducing symptoms associated with mania and depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for the use of benzodiazepines (BNZs)?

    <p>Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a BNZ receptor antagonist and can be used as an antidote for BNZ overdose?

    <p>Flumazenil (Romazicon)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum daily dose of lorazepam (Ativan)?

    <p>10 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients taking buspirone (BuSpar) avoid while on the medication?

    <p>Eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs can be used as both sedatives and anxiolytics?

    <p>BNZs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of use for BNZs?

    <p>Short-term use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug reduces anxiety without the risk for physical dependence and sedation?

    <p>Buspirone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of drugs is commonly used to relieve symptoms of anxiety?

    <p>Antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible side effect of BNZs and BNZ agonists when used for anxiety?

    <p>Memory loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of BNZs and BNZ agonists?

    <p>Confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug should not be taken with BNZs due to the risk of serious respiratory depression?

    <p>Sodium oxybate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can significantly increase the blood levels of buspirone?

    <p>Grapefruit juice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug has a higher risk for addiction and dependency compared to the other?

    <p>BNZs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when taking buspirone?

    <p>MAOIs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is decreased in depression?

    <p>Norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs are prescribed for sleep?

    <p>Benzodiazepines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main purposes of sedatives?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is involved in sleep, appetite, pain, mood, learning, movement, motivation and drive, attention, pleasure and reward?

    <p>Dopamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is an inhibitory neurotransmitter involved in sleep, muscle tension, and sedation?

    <p>Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is decreased in depression?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is increased in schizophrenia?

    <p>Dopamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is commonly used to relieve symptoms of anxiety?

    <p>Antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of use for benzodiazepines (BNZs)?

    <p>Short-term use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs acts with GABA receptors to enhance GABA effects and reduce anxiety?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug reduces anxiety without the risk for physical dependence and sedation?

    <p>Buspirone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is enhanced by benzodiazepines (BNZs) and benzodiazepine agonists to reduce anxiety and induce sleep?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a nursing implication for patients taking benzodiazepines (BNZs) for sleep?

    <p>Monitor patient's level of consciousness carefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug may cause a metallic taste in the mouth?

    <p>Eszopiclone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible side effect of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and benzodiazepine agonists when used for anxiety?

    <p>Drowsiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing the concentration of both neurotransmitters available to postsynaptic receptors?

    <p>Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is used to reduce depression by interfering with the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin?

    <p>Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs partially activates dopamine 2 and 5-HT1A receptors and blocks 5-HT2A receptors, resulting in fewer motor side effects and adverse effects?

    <p>Dopamine system stabilizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs blocks dopamine 2 (D2) receptors in the brain, helping to treat the positive symptoms of psychosis such as hallucinations and delusions?

    <p>Typical antipsychotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible side effect of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and BNZ agonists when used for anxiety?

    <p>Drowsiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the expected side effects and adverse reactions of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and BNZ agonists?

    <p>Drowsiness, memory loss, dizziness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the higher risk associated with benzodiazepines (BNZs) compared to BNZ agonists?

    <p>Addiction and dependency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug combination can result in serious respiratory depression, even coma?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs) and sodium oxybate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when taking buspirone?

    <p>Grapefruit juice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is enhanced by benzodiazepines (BNZs) to reduce central nervous system (CNS) activity?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a nursing implication for patients taking benzodiazepines (BNZs) for anxiety?

    <p>Assess the patient's level of consciousness and ask whether he or she has a history of depression, confusion, falls, and pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a lifespan consideration for the use of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and BNZ agonists?

    <p>They are not recommended during pregnancy due to the high risk for causing birth defects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is a benzodiazepine agonist approved for anxiety?

    <p>Buspirone (BuSpar)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum daily dose of lorazepam (Ativan) for anxiety?

    <p>10 mg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is commonly used to relieve symptoms of anxiety?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is enhanced by benzodiazepines (BNZ) to reduce CNS activity?

    <p>Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and benzodiazepine agonists when used for anxiety?

    <p>Increased anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of atypical antipsychotic drugs?

    <p>Reduce positive symptoms and improve negative symptoms of some types of psychosis without causing severe extrapyramidal effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is commonly used to relieve symptoms of anxiety?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of atypical antipsychotic drugs?

    <p>Block dopamine and serotonin receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is involved in sleep, appetite, pain, mood, learning, movement, motivation and drive, attention, pleasure and reward?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mood stabilizers in treating bipolar illness?

    <p>Stabilize mood swings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is decreased in depression?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of sedatives?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is commonly used to relieve symptoms of anxiety?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is enhanced by benzodiazepines (BNZs) to reduce central nervous system (CNS) activity?

    <p>Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs should not be used in older adults due to an increased risk for falls and mortality?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual dose range for buspirone (BuSpar)?

    <p>15-30 mg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction can decrease the effectiveness of sedative drugs?

    <p>Caffeine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum daily dose of lorazepam (Ativan)?

    <p>10 mg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is enhanced by benzodiazepines (BNZs) to reduce central nervous system (CNS) activity?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a response to benzodiazepine (BNZ) binding to specific BNZ receptors?

    <p>Reduced seizure activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs blocks dopamine 2 (D2) receptors in the brain, helping to treat the positive symptoms of psychosis such as hallucinations and delusions?

    <p>Antipsychotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug may cause a metallic taste in the mouth?

    <p>Eszopiclone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs can be used as anxiolytics and also for sedation?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a newer BNZ agonist that can reduce anxiety without the risk of physical dependence and sedation?

    <p>Buspirone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of long-term use of benzodiazepines (BNZs)?

    <p>Physical dependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is enhanced by benzodiazepines (BNZs) to reduce central nervous system (CNS) activity?

    <p>Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs partially activates dopamine 2 and 5-HT1A receptors and blocks 5-HT2A receptors, resulting in fewer motor side effects and adverse effects?

    <p>Dopamine system stabilizers (DSSs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of hypnotics?

    <p>Promoting sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs inhibits the enzyme monoamine oxidase, resulting in increased availability of certain neurotransmitters and reduction of depressive symptoms?

    <p>Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of mood stabilizers?

    <p>Treating bipolar illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible side effect of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and benzodiazepine agonists when used for anxiety?

    <p>Memory loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

    <p>Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs can be used as both sedatives and anxiolytics?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs have a different chemical structure from benzodiazepines (BNZs) but still bind strongly to BNZ receptors and act in the same ways?

    <p>Benzodiazepine agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can significantly increase the blood levels of buspirone?

    <p>Grapefruit juice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is decreased in depression?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is enhanced by benzodiazepines (BNZs) to reduce central nervous system (CNS) activity?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs acts with GABA receptors to enhance GABA effects and reduce anxiety?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum daily dose of alprazolam (Xanax)?

    <p>4 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of use for benzodiazepines (BNZs)?

    <p>Less than 2 to 3 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is commonly used to relieve symptoms of anxiety?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of long-term use of benzodiazepines (BNZs)?

    <p>Physical dependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a newer BNZ agonist that can reduce anxiety without the risk of physical dependence and sedation?

    <p>Buspirone (Buspar)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug reduces anxiety without the risk for physical dependence and sedation?

    <p>Buspirone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is involved in sleep, appetite, pain, mood, learning, movement, motivation and drive, attention, pleasure and reward?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is decreased in depression?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing the concentration of both neurotransmitters available to postsynaptic receptors?

    <p>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs inhibits the enzyme monoamine oxidase, resulting in increased availability of certain neurotransmitters and reduction of depressive symptoms?

    <p>Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs can reduce anxiety and induce sleep by depressing the central nervous system (CNS)?

    <p>Benzodiazepines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of atypical antipsychotic drugs?

    <p>To reduce positive symptoms and improve negative symptoms of some types of psychosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitters do atypical antidepressants affect to help reduce depression?

    <p>Serotonin and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of mood stabilizers?

    <p>To treat depression and stabilize mood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential side effect of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and benzodiazepine agonists when used for anxiety?

    <p>Physical withdrawal symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an important nursing implication for the use of buspirone (BuSpar) for anxiety?

    <p>Avoid driving or operating machinery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs can significantly increase the action of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and benzodiazepine agonists?

    <p>Cimetidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum daily dose of lorazepam (Ativan) for the treatment of anxiety?

    <p>10 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing the concentration of both neurotransmitters available to postsynaptic receptors?

    <p>Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of dopamine system stabilizers (DSSs)?

    <p>To partially activate dopamine 2 and 5-HT1A receptors and block 5-HT2A receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is used to treat patients with bipolar illness and also has antiseizure properties?

    <p>Mood stabilizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of typical antipsychotics?

    <p>Block dopamine 2 (D2) receptors in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential side effect of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and benzodiazepine agonists when used for anxiety?

    <p>Drowsiness and memory loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and benzodiazepine agonists when used for anxiety?

    <p>Confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is commonly used to relieve symptoms of anxiety?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (BNZs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when taking buspirone?

    <p>Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction can decrease the effectiveness of sedative drugs?

    <p>Alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the expected side effects and adverse reactions of benzodiazepines (BNZs) and benzodiazepine agonists?

    <p>Dizziness, headache, hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

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