Pain Management and Physiology in Dentistry

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Which type of nociceptors is responsible for sharp, well-localized, and quickly fading pain?

Aδ mechanoreceptive nociceptors

What is the primary function of the thalamus in pain perception?

Generating intense pain through stimulation of thalamic nuclei

What is the result of the interactions between the thalamus and reticular formation in chronic pain?

Difficulty sleeping

What type of response to pain is characterized by emotional and cognitive aspects?

Affective response Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of missing experiences of pain in early childhood?

Difficulty learning appropriate responses to pain later in life Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of congenital insensitivity to pain?

Absence of all reactions to noxious stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sensory cortex in pain perception?

Resulting in weak pain sensation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the thalamic nuclei in chronic pain?

Generating intense pain through stimulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the dorsal root ganglia in relation to pain?

To modulate sensory input in the dorsal horn Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the way sensory input can be modulated at the level of the spinal cord?

Gate theory Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stimulus may not result in pain?

Olfactory Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the sensory receptors that respond to stimuli that cause pain?

Nociceptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of pain according to the International Association for the Study of Pain?

A subjective perception derived from a particular stimulus Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the ascending pathways in relation to pain?

To transmit nociceptive information to the sensory cortex Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between pain and nociception?

Pain is a subjective perception, while nociception is a physiological response Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the concept of pain as a way of altering us that something is wrong?

Alarm theory Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pain is primarily transmitted by non-myelinated 'C' fibres?

Slow pain from deep layers of skin and deeper structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the gate control mechanism in the spinal cord?

To regulate the flow of pain messages to the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of central sensitization of second-order interneurons and peripheral sensitization of primary nociceptors?

Hyperalgesia and increased sensitivity to pain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions would most likely close the 'nerve gates' in the spinal cord?

Relaxation and rest Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of the pain sensation in terms of biological function?

To prompt adjustment of behavior to prevent tissue damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the pathway that is concerned with the transmission of 'fast' pain from skin receptors?

Neospinothalamic tract Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a condition that would open the 'nerve gates' in the spinal cord?

Positive emotions Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the increased sensitivity of nociceptive neurons to pain stimuli?

Hyperalgesia Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of pain described in the passage?

cutaneous, somatic, and visceral Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 1st order neurones in the afferent pathway?

to carry sharp pain and dull, poorly localised pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of the 'Gate' theory?

the balance of inputs from Aβ and Aδ and C fibres Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the Trigeminal nerve anatomy?

it has certain unique features that can influence pathological conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord?

to modulate signals from the 1st order neurones Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Intro to Pain' plenary?

to review the passage of afferent pain impulses to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell bodies of 1st order neurones being located in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG)?

it is the site where the 1st order neurones integrate signals from Aβ and Aδ and C fibres Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle that holds true for the Trigeminal system?

the principle of the 'Gate' theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary composition of the trigeminal nerve?

Predominantly afferent fibres Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the semi-lunar or trigeminal ganglion?

Equivalent to dorsal root ganglion Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of pain localisation from deeper structures?

Vague Signup and view all the answers

What is the similarity between the trigeminal nerve and spinal nerves?

They transmit to similar areas in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of pain localisation from areas of skin surface?

Very precise Signup and view all the answers

Where do the nociceptive inputs from the trigeminal nerve ascend to?

Via the medulla and pons to the ventroposterior nuclei of the brainstem and onwards to the cortex Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature of the trigeminal nerve in terms of sensory perception from within tooth pulp?

There is no normal sensory perception Signup and view all the answers

How does the trigeminal nerve split shortly after the ganglion?

Into three branches Signup and view all the answers

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