Organisational Behaviour: Observational Learning
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Questions and Answers

What type of learning occurs when X learns the positive relationship between performance and rewards without actually obtaining the reward himself?

  • Observational learning (correct)
  • Operant conditioning
  • Social learning
  • Cognitive learning

    • What is the primary emphasis of cognitive learning?

  • Changing behaviors in organizations
  • Knowing how events and objects are related to each other (correct)
  • Imitating others in a social setting
  • Conditioning people for rewards

    • What integrates the cognitive and operant approaches of learning?

  • Social learning (correct)
  • Classical conditioning
  • Cognitive learning
  • Operant conditioning

    • What is the term for learning gained by observing others?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a graphical representation of the relationship between proficiency at a task and the amount of experience?

    <p>Learning curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of social learning?

    <p>Blend of environmental and individual stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of cognitive learning?

    <p>It increases the chance that the learner will do the right thing first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of imitating others?

    <p>Modeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary combination of human behavior?

    <p>External and internal stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the psychologist who conducted research on human behavior and its causes?

    <p>Kurt Levin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an individual contribute to an organization?

    <p>Efforts, skills, ability, time, loyalty, and so forth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of incentives provided by an organization?

    <p>To serve the employees' needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if either party perceives an imbalance in the psychological contract?

    <p>It may initiate a change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the combination of biological and psychological processes?

    <p>Human behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the pattern of human behavior?

    <p>The influence of diversified factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consideration for an individual's contributions to an organization?

    <p>Pay, promotion, and job security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is organisational behaviour concerned with?

    <p>The characteristics and processes of the organisation and the interactions between individuals and the organisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to study organisational behaviour?

    <p>To understand how individuals influence and are influenced by the organisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key issues addressed by organisational behaviour?

    <p>What facilitates accurate perception and attribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does organisational behaviour integrate?

    <p>The relevant contents of multiple disciplines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the factors that affects individual behaviour and attitudes?

    <p>Individual differences in personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do managers build effective teams?

    <p>By building effective communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the constituents of effective communication?

    <p>Accurate perception and attribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key issues addressed by organisational behaviour in terms of motivation?

    <p>What motivates people to work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the 'big five' traits in the context of organizational behavior?

    <p>Personality traits and performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a determinant of personality formation?

    <p>Economic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Sigmund Freud, what is the last stage of human personality development?

    <p>Mature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the three determinants of personality formation?

    <p>They interact with each other to shape personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of self-concept in personality formation?

    <p>It influences an individual's personality traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of understanding the stages of human personality development in organizational behavior?

    <p>It promotes employee growth and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of an individual's personality in adulthood?

    <p>It is clearly defined and generally stable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a 'big five' trait related to performance?

    <p>Openness to Experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a group and a team?

    <p>A group has common objectives, while a team has complimentary skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a work team where members have set responsibilities?

    <p>Baseball team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for working in teams?

    <p>To achieve voluminous, complicated, and interrelated tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of teamwork to individuals?

    <p>Psychological intimacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of collaboration in an organization?

    <p>Empowered and collaborated workforce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about all teams?

    <p>All teams are groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of teamwork to organizations?

    <p>Encouragement to teamwork and collaboration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a doubles tennis team?

    <p>Members have primary yet flexible responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Organisational Behaviour

    • Observational learning plays a crucial role in altering behaviours in organisations, where individuals learn from others without directly receiving rewards or punishments.
    • Cognitive learning emphasizes the importance of understanding relationships between events and objects, and is essential in classroom settings.
    • Social learning integrates cognitive and operant approaches, recognizing that learning occurs through observing and imitating others in a social setting.

    Learning Curve

    • A learning curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between proficiency and experience, showing how individuals learn and improve over time.

    Organisational Behaviour and Individual Characteristics

    • Organisational behaviour is influenced by individual characteristics, such as personality traits, and is shaped by the interaction between individuals and the organisation.
    • Individual differences in personality, personal development, and career development affect behaviour and attitudes.

    Individual Behaviour

    • Human behaviour is a complex phenomenon, influenced by a combination of external and internal stimuli, including genetic and environmental factors.
    • Individuals make contributions to organisations in the form of efforts, skills, ability, time, and loyalty, and in return, receive incentives such as pay, promotion, and job security.
    • The psychological contract between individuals and organisations is based on the principle of reciprocity, where both parties must perceive the relationship as fair and equitable.

    Personality Traits

    • The "big five" personality traits, including emotional stability, openness to experience, and others, play an important role in organisational behaviour.
    • Personality formation is influenced by biological, social, and cultural factors, and is shaped throughout an individual's life.

    Teams and Work Groups

    • A team is a group of people with complementary skills and abilities working together to achieve specific goals and objectives.
    • Teams provide benefits to organisations and individuals, including encouragement to teamwork and collaboration, psychological intimacy, and integrated involvement.

    Why Teams Work

    • Teams work because they enable individuals to pool their collective energies, efforts, abilities, knowledge, and creativity to achieve tasks that cannot be performed alone.
    • Teams provide benefits to organisations, including empowerment and collaboration, and to individuals, including psychological intimacy and emotional support.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the concept of observational learning in organizational behaviour, where an individual learns by observing others being rewarded for their performance without receiving the reward themselves.

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