Psychology Chapter 3: Observational Learning

Study Notes

Observational Learning

Observational (vicarious) learning involves changing behavior by observing a model, highlighting the importance of social context in learning processes.

Vicarious Reinforcement

Vicarious reinforcement occurs when an observer witnesses a model receiving rewards for specific behaviors, leading the observer to potentially replicate those behaviors.

Vicarious Punishment

Vicarious punishment happens when an observer sees a model being punished for a behavior, which discourages the observer from engaging in that same behavior.

Generalized Imitation

Generalized imitation refers to the tendency to imitate behaviors observed in models, regardless of whether those behaviors are reinforced or not.

Attentional Processes

In Bandura's theory, attentional processes involve the observer actively focusing on critical aspects of the model's behavior and its outcomes, which is essential for effective learning.

Retentional Processes

Retentional processes include methods that help observers recall modeled behaviors, such as mental notes or reminders about specific techniques (like a cooking student's observation of batter folding).

Motor Reproductive Processes

These processes involve developing the physical skills necessary to replicate modeled behavior, emphasizing the role of practice in learning through observation.

Motivational Processes

Motivational processes entail the observer's belief that performing a modeled behavior will lead to reinforcement, influencing their likelihood of engaging in that behavior.

Miller-Dollard Reinforcement Theory

According to Miller and Dollard, observational learning functions as a type of operant learning, with changes in behavior arising from the consequences faced by the observer rather than the model.

Description

Explore the principles of observational learning as outlined in psychology. This quiz covers key concepts such as vicarious reinforcement, punishment, and the processes involved in learning through observation. Test your understanding of how social context influences behavior change.