Ocular Surface Disease Treatment Options: Pharmacology II Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of Lifitegrast (Xiidra)?

  • Inhibiting the interaction between LFA-1 and ICAM-1 (correct)
  • Promoting the formation of immunological synapse
  • Facilitating the overexpression of ICAM-1
  • Stimulating T-cell activation

Which cell surface protein is found on leukocytes?

  • MHC
  • LFA-1 (correct)
  • TCR
  • ICAM-1

What is the role of ICAM-1 in DED corneal and conjunctival tissues?

  • Facilitating leukocyte adhesion (correct)
  • Preventing immunological synapse formation
  • Suppressing inflammation
  • Activating T-cell receptors

Which molecule can contribute to the formation of immunological synapse resulting in T-cell activation?

<p>LFA-1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of APC in the immune system?

<p>Presenting antigens to T cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is MHC in the context of immune system?

<p>A complex involved in antigen presentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does TCR stand for in the context of immune system?

<p>T Cell Receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of LFA-1 in immune response?

<p>Mediating leukocyte adhesion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does Lifitegrast play in the interaction between LFA-1 and ICAM-1?

<p>It weakens or inhibits the interaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential effect of chronic use of topical corticosteroids on the eyes?

<p>Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and risk of cataract formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the author's conclusion about the evidence of using topical steroids for dry eye?

<p>Moderate to very low certainty evidence of small to moderate symptom relief (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the implications for practice, how does the use of topical corticosteroids compare to artificial tears for dry eye treatment?

<p>Likely provides small to moderate improvement in symptoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the evidence support regarding the effects of topical corticosteroids on corneal staining scores?

<p>Reduced corneal staining scores compared to lubricants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is uncertain regarding the effects of topical corticosteroids on tear quality or production?

<p>No effect on tear film quality or quantity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the potential adverse effects related to the use of topical corticosteroids according to the text?

<p>Increased risk of cataract formation or progression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is uncertain about the potential effects of short-term use of topical steroids on intraocular pressure (IOP)?

<p>It is uncertain whether they elevate IOP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the evidence suggest about the effects of using topical corticosteroids compared to cyclosporine A for dry eye treatment?

<p>Topical corticosteroids have less certain effects on symptoms compared to cyclosporine A (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected timeline for significant improvement when using Cyclosporine 0.05% (Restasis) for dry eyes?

<p>6 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to put the patient on a steroid initially when using Cyclosporine 0.05% (Restasis)?

<p>To reduce symptoms immediately (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which conditions is the use of Cyclosporine 0.05% (Restasis) contraindicated?

<p>Ocular infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the desired response on Schirmer 2 to ensure the effectiveness of Cyclosporine 0.05% (Restasis)?

<p>&lt; 3 mm wet with nasal stimulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consideration to keep in mind when prescribing Cyclosporine 0.05% (Restasis) for dry eyes?

<p>Diffuse loss of goblet cells will have no effect on its efficacy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dosage for Cyclosporine 0.05% (Restasis)?

<p>Twice daily (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected maintenance schedule after significant improvement has been achieved with Cyclosporine 0.05% (Restasis)?

<p>Once or twice a week (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the dosage form of Cyclosporine 0.05% (Restasis)?

<p>Viscous gel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Vevye (cyclosporine 0.1% ophthalmic solution) known for in comparison to other cyclosporine formulations?

<p>It has improved tolerability and decreased visual disturbance compared to other formulations with surfactants and oils. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is a Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) antagonist?

<p>Lifitegrast (Xiidra 5%) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific advantage of using Vevye (cyclosporine 0.1% ophthalmic solution) as miebo?

<p>It provides immediate effects in combination with enhanced local bioavailability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does most studies say about the effect of the mechanism on T-cells?

<p>The mechanism has no impact on the time it takes for T-cells to respond. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of CyclASol 0.1%?

<p>Water-free semifluorinated alkane (SFA) solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug was approved for the treatment of signs/symptoms of dry eye disease in July 2016?

<p>Lifitegrast (Xiidra 5%) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific dosage recommendation for Lifitegrast (Xiidra 5%)?

<p>Twice daily (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Lifitegrast (Xiidra 5%) interact with the surface of the eye?

<p>It nicely coats the eye without causing much blurring due to its interaction with the surface of the eye. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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