Ocular Surface Disease Treatment Options Pharmacology II Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the global definition of dry eye according to TFOS DEWS II?

  • A disease of the ocular surface accompanied by ocular symptoms and neurosensory abnormalities
  • A disease of the ocular surface characterized by excessive tear production and neurosensory abnormalities
  • A single-factor disease of the ocular surface characterized by a tear film stability and hyperosmolarity
  • A multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film (correct)

    • What is the core mechanism of Dry Eye Disease (DED) according to the Pathophysiology Report?

  • Ocular surface inflammation
  • Tear hyperosmolarity (correct)
  • Tear film stability
  • Excessive tear production

    • What plays etiological roles in dry eye disease according to the TFOS DEWS II definition?

  • Excessive tear production and neurosensory abnormalities
  • Tear film instability and hyperosmolarity (correct)
  • Ocular surface inflammation and excessive tear production
  • Tear film stability and ocular surface inflammation

    • What is the key characteristic of dry eye disease according to TFOS DEWS II definition?

    <p>Loss of homeostasis of the tear film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of damage to the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Tear hyperosmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor initiates inflammation and damages the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Tear hyperosmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of preservatives in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>To inhibit or kill microorganism growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which preservative is associated with potential epithelial toxicity?

    <p>Thimerosal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible solution to adverse drug reactions (ADR) associated with preservatives in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>Using preservative-free unit dose packages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the 'Next Generation' artificial tear formulations?

    <p>They break down to nontoxic substances when exposed to light or ocular surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Vitamin A in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>To promote cellular differentiation and maintenance of mucosal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artificial tears are described as having a 'proprietary polymer HP-Guar'?

    <p>Systane COMPLETE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Thera Tears (ATF)' are known for being:

    <p>Preservative free (unit dose)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Eyesol®' is based on:

    <p>'Proprietary water free technology'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Miebo' is known for its interaction with:

    <p>Tear film lipophilic part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Miebo' is primarily aimed at addressing abnormalities in the:

    <p>'Lipid layer' and 'Meibomian glands'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of tear hyperosmolarity in ADDE (Aqueous Deficient Dry Eye)?

    <p>Reduced lacrimal secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of DED (Dry Eye Disease) is primarily caused by excessive evaporation from the exposed tear film?

    <p>EDE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of punctate epitheliopathy and tear film instability in DED?

    <p>Tear film break-up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal function of polymer in artificial tears?

    <p>Decrease blink friction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance functions as a wetting agent for contact lenses?

    <p>Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do buffers in artificial tear formulations primarily resist?

    <p>Change in pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does tonicity measure in an artificial tear formulation?

    <p>Effective osmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do electrolytes in artificial tear formulations primarily maintain or lower?

    <p>Osmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of preservatives in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>Prolong shelf life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nutrients in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>Nourish ocular surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polysaccharides used for in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>Increase viscosity and lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vinyl derivatives in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>Increase viscosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core mechanism of Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Tear hyperosmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to TFOS DEWS II global dry eye definition, what plays etiological roles in the disease?

    <p>Tear film instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Dry Eye Disease according to the TFOS DEWS II definition?

    <p>Ocular surface inflammation and damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of damage to the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Tear hyperosmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the core mechanism of DED (Dry Eye Disease) initiate?

    <p>Ocular surface inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of Dry Eye Disease according to the TFOS DEWS II definition?

    <p>Tear hyperosmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of neurosensory abnormalities in Dry Eye Disease according to TFOS DEWS II?

    <p>Initiate inflammation and damage to the ocular surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor initiates inflammation and damages the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Tear hyperosmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of neurosensory abnormalities in Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Contribute to ocular surface inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of tear hyperosmolarity in Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Initiate inflammation and damage to the ocular surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to TFOS DEWS II global dry eye definition, what contributes to etiological roles in Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Tear hyperosmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main contributing factor to ocular symptoms in Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Tear hyperosmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of tear hyperosmolarity in EDE (Evaporative Dry Eye)?

    <p>Excessive evaporation from the exposed tear film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Vitamin A in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>Stabilizing tear film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of punctate epitheliopathy and tear film instability in DED?

    <p>Tear film break-up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does tonicity measure in an artificial tear formulation?

    <p>Effective osmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the 'Next Generation' artificial tear formulations?

    <p>Lack of preservatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of damage to the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

    <p>Inflammatory mediators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Miebo' is known for its interaction with:

    <p>Evaporative factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Thera Tears (ATF)' are known for being:

    Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of preservatives in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>To prevent or inhibit microorganism growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential adverse drug reaction (ADR) associated with thimerosal in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>Allergic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the 'Next Generation' artificial tear formulations?

    <p>They are preserved in bottles and break down to nontoxic substances when exposed to light or ocular surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of nutrients in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>To aid in differentiation and maintenance of mucosal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artificial tear formulation is known for its interaction with the lipid layer and meibomian glands, forming a protective surfactant layer?

    <p>Miebo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes 'Systane COMPLETE' among the Systane lubricant family of artificial tears?

    <p>It contains stabilized oxychloro complex for preservative breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of tear hyperosmolarity in EDE (Evaporative Dry Eye)?

    <p>Excessive evaporation from the exposed tear film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core role of the proprietary polymer HP-Guar in 'Systane COMPLETE' among the Systane lubricant family of artificial tears?

    <p>To chemically combine with borate to create a meshwork gel for active lubricant retention on the ocular surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do buffers primarily resist in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>Changes in tonicity and pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of vitamin A in artificial tear formulations?

    <p>To aid in differentiation and maintenance of mucosal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 'Artificial Tears Thera Tears (ATF)' known for among other characteristics?

    <p>They are preserved free (unit dose) and dissociate to H2O2 then to oxygen and water by tear catalase</p> Signup and view all the answers

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