Ocular Surface Disease Treatment Options Pharmacology II Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the global definition of dry eye according to TFOS DEWS II?

  • A disease of the ocular surface accompanied by ocular symptoms and neurosensory abnormalities
  • A disease of the ocular surface characterized by excessive tear production and neurosensory abnormalities
  • A single-factor disease of the ocular surface characterized by a tear film stability and hyperosmolarity
  • A multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film (correct)

What is the core mechanism of Dry Eye Disease (DED) according to the Pathophysiology Report?

  • Ocular surface inflammation
  • Tear hyperosmolarity (correct)
  • Tear film stability
  • Excessive tear production

What plays etiological roles in dry eye disease according to the TFOS DEWS II definition?

  • Excessive tear production and neurosensory abnormalities
  • Tear film instability and hyperosmolarity (correct)
  • Ocular surface inflammation and excessive tear production
  • Tear film stability and ocular surface inflammation

What is the key characteristic of dry eye disease according to TFOS DEWS II definition?

<p>Loss of homeostasis of the tear film (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of damage to the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Tear hyperosmolarity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor initiates inflammation and damages the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Tear hyperosmolarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of preservatives in artificial tear formulations?

<p>To inhibit or kill microorganism growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which preservative is associated with potential epithelial toxicity?

<p>Thimerosal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible solution to adverse drug reactions (ADR) associated with preservatives in artificial tear formulations?

<p>Using preservative-free unit dose packages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the 'Next Generation' artificial tear formulations?

<p>They break down to nontoxic substances when exposed to light or ocular surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Vitamin A in artificial tear formulations?

<p>To promote cellular differentiation and maintenance of mucosal epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artificial tears are described as having a 'proprietary polymer HP-Guar'?

<p>Systane COMPLETE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Thera Tears (ATF)' are known for being:

<p>Preservative free (unit dose) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Eyesol®' is based on:

<p>'Proprietary water free technology' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Miebo' is known for its interaction with:

<p>Tear film lipophilic part (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Miebo' is primarily aimed at addressing abnormalities in the:

<p>'Lipid layer' and 'Meibomian glands' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of tear hyperosmolarity in ADDE (Aqueous Deficient Dry Eye)?

<p>Reduced lacrimal secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of DED (Dry Eye Disease) is primarily caused by excessive evaporation from the exposed tear film?

<p>EDE (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of punctate epitheliopathy and tear film instability in DED?

<p>Tear film break-up (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal function of polymer in artificial tears?

<p>Decrease blink friction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance functions as a wetting agent for contact lenses?

<p>Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do buffers in artificial tear formulations primarily resist?

<p>Change in pH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does tonicity measure in an artificial tear formulation?

<p>Effective osmolarity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do electrolytes in artificial tear formulations primarily maintain or lower?

<p>Osmolarity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of preservatives in artificial tear formulations?

<p>Prolong shelf life (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nutrients in artificial tear formulations?

<p>Nourish ocular surface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are polysaccharides used for in artificial tear formulations?

<p>Increase viscosity and lubrication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vinyl derivatives in artificial tear formulations?

<p>Increase viscosity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core mechanism of Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Tear hyperosmolarity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to TFOS DEWS II global dry eye definition, what plays etiological roles in the disease?

<p>Tear film instability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Dry Eye Disease according to the TFOS DEWS II definition?

<p>Ocular surface inflammation and damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of damage to the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Tear hyperosmolarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the core mechanism of DED (Dry Eye Disease) initiate?

<p>Ocular surface inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of Dry Eye Disease according to the TFOS DEWS II definition?

<p>Tear hyperosmolarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of neurosensory abnormalities in Dry Eye Disease according to TFOS DEWS II?

<p>Initiate inflammation and damage to the ocular surface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor initiates inflammation and damages the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Tear hyperosmolarity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of neurosensory abnormalities in Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Contribute to ocular surface inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of tear hyperosmolarity in Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Initiate inflammation and damage to the ocular surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to TFOS DEWS II global dry eye definition, what contributes to etiological roles in Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Tear hyperosmolarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main contributing factor to ocular symptoms in Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Tear hyperosmolarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of tear hyperosmolarity in EDE (Evaporative Dry Eye)?

<p>Excessive evaporation from the exposed tear film (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Vitamin A in artificial tear formulations?

<p>Stabilizing tear film (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of punctate epitheliopathy and tear film instability in DED?

<p>Tear film break-up (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does tonicity measure in an artificial tear formulation?

<p>Effective osmolarity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the 'Next Generation' artificial tear formulations?

<p>Lack of preservatives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of damage to the ocular surface in Dry Eye Disease?

<p>Inflammatory mediators (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Miebo' is known for its interaction with:

<p>Evaporative factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Thera Tears (ATF)' are known for being:

Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of preservatives in artificial tear formulations?

<p>To prevent or inhibit microorganism growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential adverse drug reaction (ADR) associated with thimerosal in artificial tear formulations?

<p>Allergic reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the 'Next Generation' artificial tear formulations?

<p>They are preserved in bottles and break down to nontoxic substances when exposed to light or ocular surface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of nutrients in artificial tear formulations?

<p>To aid in differentiation and maintenance of mucosal epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artificial tear formulation is known for its interaction with the lipid layer and meibomian glands, forming a protective surfactant layer?

<p>Miebo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes 'Systane COMPLETE' among the Systane lubricant family of artificial tears?

<p>It contains stabilized oxychloro complex for preservative breakdown (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of tear hyperosmolarity in EDE (Evaporative Dry Eye)?

<p>Excessive evaporation from the exposed tear film (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core role of the proprietary polymer HP-Guar in 'Systane COMPLETE' among the Systane lubricant family of artificial tears?

<p>To chemically combine with borate to create a meshwork gel for active lubricant retention on the ocular surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do buffers primarily resist in artificial tear formulations?

<p>Changes in tonicity and pH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of vitamin A in artificial tear formulations?

<p>To aid in differentiation and maintenance of mucosal epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are 'Artificial Tears Thera Tears (ATF)' known for among other characteristics?

<p>They are preserved free (unit dose) and dissociate to H2O2 then to oxygen and water by tear catalase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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