Ocular Surface Disease Treatment Options Pharmacology II

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What is the concentration of hypochlorous acid in Avenova?

0.05%
0.001%
0.1%
0.01% (correct)

Why does Avenova need to be stored in a glass bottle?

To enhance its antibacterial properties
To preserve the safety and efficacy of pure HOCl (correct)
To prevent oxidation of hypochlorous acid
To avoid contamination with plastic compounds

What natural process does hypochlorous acid mimic in the body?

Digestion
Oxidative burst (correct)
Blood clotting
Photosynthesis

How does hypochlorous acid kill bacteria?

By causing protein and lipid peroxidation and/or halogenation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What role does hypochlorous acid play in ocular hygiene products?

To clean lids/lashes (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to preserve the contents of hypochlorous acid in Avenova?

To maintain its antibacterial properties (A) Signup and view all the answers

What part of the body naturally produces hypochlorous acid as an element of immune response?

Skin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What condition can be caused by the presence of many microorganisms on the skin?

Conjunctivitis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested total daily dose of EPA in the n-3 fatty acid supplements for DED treatment?

2000 mg (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk associated with EPA and DHA intake at levels greater than 3g/day?

Increased risk of bleeding (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why should a patient with epilepsy avoid taking supplements with EPA and DHA?

EPA specifically inhibits platelet aggregation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of DHA in DED treatment according to the text?

Only DHA can be considered as an option (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dosage of the supplements for DED treatment?

Four capsules daily, with meals (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the content of each placebo capsule used in the study?

1000 mg of refined olive oil (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which component was included in both the active and placebo capsules for masking flavor?

$3$ mg of vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Oxervate in the treatment of neurotrophic keratitis?

It mimics the nerve growth factor naturally produced by the eye to support corneal innervation and integrity. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the percentage composition of linoleic acid in the refined olive oil used for the placebo capsules?

$11%$ (C) Signup and view all the answers

How frequently should Oxervate be administered for the treatment of neurotrophic keratitis?

One drop 6 times a day at 2 hour intervals for 8 weeks. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of Oxervate, cenegermin-bkbj ophthalmic solution?

Recombinant form of human nerve growth factor derived from Escherichia coli. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary adverse effect reported in patients using Oxervate for neurotrophic keratitis?

Pain on instillation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition does Oxervate aim to treat?

Neurotrophic keratitis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the dosage of Oxervate for the treatment of neurotrophic keratitis?

One drop 6 times a day at 2 hour intervals (A) Signup and view all the answers

How long should patients wait before using contact lenses or other eye drops after instilling Oxervate?

15 minutes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of Oxervate's biological origin?

'Recombinant form of human nerve growth factor derived from Escherichia coli' (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nerve growth factor in the eye?

To support corneal innervation and integrity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the DREAM Extension Study?

To investigate the impact of discontinuing omega-3 supplements on dry eye disease (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the method used in the DREAM Extension Study?

Comparing the outcomes of patients who continued using omega-3 supplements with those who discontinued use (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the findings, how did the outcomes compare between the group that continued using omega-3 supplements and the group that discontinued use?

There were no significant differences in outcomes between the two groups (B) Signup and view all the answers

What did the results from the 2 DREAM clinical trials suggest about the beneficial effect of omega-3 supplementation on dry eye disease?

They indicated no impact of omega-3 supplementation on dry eye disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the conclusion drawn regarding the outcomes of patients discontinuing use of omega-3 supplements?

There were no significant differences in outcomes between patients who discontinued use and those who continued using it (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did the DREAM Extension Study aim to determine?

The effects of continued vs discontinued use of omega-3 supplements on dry eye disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What were the findings regarding Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores and conjunctival staining in the DREAM Extension Study?

There were no significant differences in OSDI scores and conjunctival staining between both groups (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main implication of the results from the DREAM Extension Study?

Discontinuing use of omega-3 supplements did not lead to significantly worse outcomes for dry eye disease patients (B) Signup and view all the answers