Nutrition and Food Allergies Overview

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Questions and Answers

What causes heartburn?

Hydration issues

Overeating or certain foods (correct)

Consumption of excess fiber

Lack of exercise

Which digestive disorder is primarily characterized by discomfort in the upper stomach?

Diarrhea

Indigestion (correct)

Constipation

Heartburn

What is a common prevention method for diverticulosis?

Limiting fruit intake

Reducing physical activity

Eating plenty of fiber (correct)

Drinking excessive fluids

What is a common cause of diarrhea?

Infections or certain foods Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can lead to the development of gallstones?

Excessive consumption of cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients is NOT a characteristic of a nutritious meal?

Vitamins Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT included in an aesthetically pleasing meal?

Flavor Signup and view all the answers

What primary condition differentiates a food allergy from food intolerance?

Immune system response Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common food allergen?

Carrots Signup and view all the answers

What is the most severe symptom associated with food allergies?

Anaphylaxis Signup and view all the answers

Which program is designed specifically to assist low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and postpartum women?

WIC Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Provide energy Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment method is considered the best for managing food allergies?

Avoiding the allergen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of fats in the body?

To provide energy and support cell growth. Signup and view all the answers

What is mechanical digestion?

The physical breaking down of food into smaller pieces. Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the digestive system involves the mixture of food with gastric juices?

Stomach Signup and view all the answers

What essential nutrient must be replenished regularly due to its vital role in the body?

Water Signup and view all the answers

Which food sources are rich in Vitamin A?

Carrots Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in the large intestine?

Formation of waste material and absorption of water. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes chyme?

A semi-liquid mixture of digested food and digestive juices. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vitamins in the body?

Support various bodily functions. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nutritious Meal Characteristics

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids

Aesthetically Pleasing Meal Characteristics

Color
Texture
Shape
Arrangement
Garnishing

Food Allergy vs. Food Intolerance

Food allergy: The immune system identifies food as harmful, triggering an allergic reaction.
Food intolerance: Issues arise in the digestive system, struggling to process certain foods.

Food Allergy Risk Factors

Family history
Young age (children)

Severe Food Allergy Symptom

Anaphylaxis (difficulty breathing, low blood pressure, loss of consciousness)

Common Food Allergens

Peanuts
Tree nuts
Shellfish
Fish
Eggs
Soy
Wheat

Food Allergy Treatment Methods

Avoiding the allergen
Carrying an epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen)
Antihistamines
Corticosteroids
Immunotherapy
Emergency medical care
Maintaining a food diary

Government Nutrition Programs

WIC: Serves low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and postpartum women, and children up to age 5. Provides nutritional food, education, and healthcare referrals.
SNAP: Provides financial assistance for groceries to low-income individuals and families.
Farmer's Market Nutrition Program: Supplies coupons for fruits, vegetables, and herbs to WIC participants and low-income seniors.
National School Lunch Program: Offers free or reduced-price nutritious lunches to children from low-income families.

Essential Nutrients

Protein: Builds and repairs tissues, makes enzymes, hormones, and is the building block of bones, muscles, cartilage, skin, and blood. Food source: chicken, fish, beans, eggs.
Carbohydrates: Provides energy, especially for the brain and nervous system. Food sources: bread, pasta, fruits, vegetables.
Fat: Provides energy, supports cell growth, protects organs, and maintains body temperature. Food sources: avocados, nuts, olive oil, butter.
Water: Maintains body temperature, lubricates joints, protects tissues, aids digestion, and nutrient absorption. Food sources: Water, fruits (e.g., watermelon), vegetables (e.g., cucumber).
Vitamins: Support bodily functions like immune function, energy production, and blood clotting. Food sources examples include: Fruits (e.g., oranges - Vitamin C), Carrots (Vitamin A), Dairy (Vitamin D), and Grains (Vitamin B).
Minerals: Build strong bones, teeth, regulate metabolism, and maintain proper nerve function. Food sources include: Fruits, vegetables, meats, dairy, whole grains.

Digestive System Order and Function

Mouth: Chewing and mixing food with saliva (begins carbohydrate breakdown)
Esophagus: Peristalsis moves the food bolus down to the stomach.
Stomach: Churns food with gastric juices, breaking down proteins into chyme.
Small Intestine: Chyme moves here, nutrients are absorbed in the bloodstream.
Large Intestine: Water and electrolytes are absorbed, waste forms stool.

Digestive Disorders

Heartburn: Stomach acid rising into the esophagus. Caused by overeating, certain foods, lying down after eating. Prevent by eating smaller meals, avoiding trigger foods.
Indigestion: Upper stomach discomfort due to fast eating, fatty foods or stress. Prevent by eating slowly and managing stress.
Constipation: Trouble passing stools due to low fiber, dehydration or lack of exercise. Prevent by eating fiber-rich foods, drinking water, and staying active.
Diverticulosis: Small pouches in the colon caused by low fiber intake. Prevent by eating fiber-rich foods.
Diarrhea: Frequent, watery stools due to infections or certain foods. Prevent by practicing good hygiene, avoiding contaminated food/water.
Ulcers: Sores the stomach or small intestine caused by H. pylori bacteria or NSAIDs. Prevent by avoiding excessive NSAIDs and treating H. pylori.
Gallstones: Hard deposits in the gallbladder due to high cholesterol. Prevent by maintaining a healthy weight and balanced diet.

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Description

This quiz explores key characteristics of nutritious meals, the distinction between food allergies and intolerances, and various risk factors and treatments for food allergies. Additionally, it covers common allergens and government nutrition programs, providing a comprehensive understanding of nutritional safety and health.