Nursing Theories: Rogers, Orem, and King

The theory focuses on self-care and how nurses can assist individuals with deficits in meeting their self-care needs.
It describes the three self-care requisites:
- Universal self-care requisites
- Developmental self-care requisites
- Health deviation self-care requisites
Nurses play a vital role in assisting individuals through teaching, providing support, and offering therapeutic interventions to enhance self-care.

This theory focuses on the interaction between the nurse, patient, and the environment, with a goal of mutual goal setting and achieving health goals.
Nurses and patients must communicate openly and effectively to achieve goals.
Emphasizes the importance of personal, interpersonal, and social systems in achieving health goals.

This theory centers on the conservation of an individual's energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity.
Nurses use the conservation model to promote adaptation and healing by helping patients conserve their energy, maintain their physical structure, and preserve their sense of self and social interaction.
The theory emphasizes the importance of individualized nursing interventions to help patients conserve their energy and resources, maintaining their integrity.

The focus is on the individual as an open system interacting with the environment.
This system operates on a continuum of wellness and contains five basic variables:
- Physiologic
- Psychological
- Socio-cultural
- Developmental
- Spiritual
Nurses assess an individual’s system and provide interventions to strengthen the system and maintain a client's stability.
The model emphasizes the importance of preventive interventions.

Roy's adaptation model focuses on how people adapt to stressors from their internal and external environments.
The theory identifies four adaptive modes:
- Physiologic-physical
- Self-concept
- Role function
- Interdependence
Nurses help individuals achieve adaptation by assisting them in coping with stressors through the four adaptive models.

The theory focuses on the individual's behavior in the context of their social and cultural systems.
It focuses on how the individual maintains a balance in their "behavior system" by interacting with the environment.
Nurses play a crucial role in achieving and restoring balance within the behavior system.

This theory emphasizes the importance of caring as the core of nursing.
The theory focuses on the ethical responsibility of the nurse to care for the patient.
The practice of caring involves recognizing, respecting, and affirming the dignity and worth of each individual.

Transitions are defined as passages from one life stage to another, and are viewed as normal developmental processes with challenges and opportunities.
Nurses help individuals navigate transitions and adapt to these changes and adjust their identities and roles.

Focuses on individuals' motivation and behaviors in maintaining health.
This model is based on the belief that individuals can make choices to maintain their health and wellness.
The theory suggests that a person’s health-promoting behaviors will impact their well-being.

The theory focuses on providing culturally congruent care based on the individual's cultural beliefs and practices.
It emphasizes the importance of understanding and respecting various cultural belief systems to provide effective care.
This theory has three modes of action:
- Culture care preservation
- Culture care accommodation
- Culture care re-patterning

This theory views health as a process of expanding consciousness and becoming more aware of oneself and the world.
It highlights the importance of personal meaning and purpose in the context of facing life's challenges.
Through the process of connecting and integrating with their experiences, individuals can achieve a deeper understanding of themselves and their place in the world.

The theory views the human experience as a continuous process of becoming.
Parse emphasizes the role of human becoming in the therapeutic relationship between nurse and patient.
Nursing practice aims to support the individual's unique journey of self-discovery and meaning-making.

The focus is on understanding the relationship between the nurse and the client, as well as the role of the nurse in the healing process.
The theory emphasizes that nurses can influence their patient's health outcomes by demonstrating healthy behaviors and promoting positive change.

The theory describes the process through which a woman assumes the maternal role.
The process involves a series of steps as the woman prepares for the transition to motherhood.
This theory helps nurses understand the challenges and joys of women entering motherhood.

The focus is on the impact of uncertainty on the patient's experience of illness.
When individuals face illness, they experience uncertainty as they try to make sense of their symptoms and their health.
Nurses can help patients by providing information and support during the illness experience.

This theory explains how people connect and engage with their higher self.
It suggests individuals strive to find meaning and purpose in their lives.
Nurse's can guide individuals toward self-transcendence through compassionate and compassionate care.

The theory maps out the course of an illness, recognizing that every individual has a unique illness journey and a unique trajectory.
Nurses need to respond to the needs of patients based on the stage of the illness, and its trajectory.
Through an understanding of the illness trajectory, nurses can provide better and more personalized care.