Nursing Chapters 8-15: Fluids & Acid-Base Balance

What can cause hyperkalemia in the body?

Which of the following best describes isotonic fluids?

Which buffer system is primarily responsible for maintaining acid-base balance in the blood?

What is a potential consequence of an imbalance in extracellular electrolytes?

What is the main effect of dehydration on the body's fluid balance?

What is a consequence of impaired ventilation and diffusion?

Which of the following models is associated with altered perfusion?

What role does cardiac output play in perfusion?

Which condition is characterized by impaired ventilation-perfusion matching?

What could be a potential treatment for impaired diffusion in a patient with COPD?

Chapter 8: Altered Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Electrolytes have specific functions in the body
Imbalances in electrolytes can lead to various health issues
Electrolyte imbalances can be caused by factors like vomiting, diarrhea, and certain medical conditions
Body fluids move in and out of cells and tissues, as well as in/out of the circulatory system
Body regulates fluid intake and excretion
Imbalances cause conditions such as hypovolemia, hemorrhage, dehydration, water intoxication, hypervolemia, edema, cirrhosis and dehydration

Chapter 9: Altered Acid-Base Balance

Maintaining a specific pH is crucial for cell and tissue function
Three buffer systems help maintain pH balance
Imbalances in pH can be harmful to cells and tissues

Chapter 15: Altered Ventilation and Diffusion

Ventilation (breathing) involves inspiration and expiration.
Diffusion is the movement of gases
Imbalances in ventilation/diffusion result in conditions such as hypoxemia, hypoxia and hypercapnia
Ventilation-perfusion mismatch is a significant concern
Impaired ventilation, Impaired diffusion, and impaired perfusion can lead to hypoxia and hypercapnia
Specific treatments for these issues are crucial

Chapter 16: Altered Perfusion

Perfusion is crucial for delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues
Path of perfusion across the circulatory system (venous, pulmonary, systemic, cardiac).
Imbalances can lead to various problems, such as decreased blood flow and tissue damage
Examples of conditions include COPD, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, Hypertension, Stroke, Shock, Heart Failure, Myocardial Infarction, Cirrhosis, Dehydration, and Metabolic Acidosis

Explore the concepts of altered fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and ventilation and diffusion in the body. Understand how imbalances can affect health and the importance of maintaining pH and electrolytes for cellular function. This quiz covers critical content from multiple nursing chapters essential for healthcare professionals.