Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: Chapter 5 Review

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Questions and Answers

Which symptom is not typically associated with hypercalcemia?

  • Muscle weakness
  • Bone pain
  • Constipation
  • Tetany (correct)

A patient with severe hypercalcemia is at risk for developing which complication?

  • Hypokalemia
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Nephrolithiasis (correct)
  • Hypotension

Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with symptomatic hypercalcemia?

  • Encouraging high-calcium diet
  • Encouraging bed rest
  • Encouraging fluid intake (correct)
  • Administering calcium supplements

A patient with hypocalcemia is at increased risk of experiencing which cardiac manifestation?

<p>Atrial fibrillation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation is not typically associated with severe hypocalcemia?

<p>Increased heart rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation would a patient most likely present with in hyperkalemia?

<p>Confusion and anxiety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic ECG finding associated with hyperkalemia?

<p>Tall T waves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a patient with hypermagnesemia, which symptom is likely to be observed?

<p>Muscle weakness, hypotension, and sedation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate initial nursing action for a patient diagnosed with hyperkalemia upon admission?

<p>Initiate cardiac monitoring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte shift can lead to hyperkalemia in the context of acidosis?

<p>Hydrogen (H-) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom associated with hypomagnesemia?

<p>Disorientation and seizures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of calcium in the body?

<p>Supports neuro and cardiac function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation is associated with hypocalcemia?

<p>Increased neuromuscular excitability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of hypercalcemia?

<p>Excessive vitamin D and calcium intake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is hypocalcemia typically treated?

<p>IV administration of 10% calcium gluconate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment should be a priority for a patient with hypocalcemia?

<p>Monitor neuro status and calcium levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key clinical manifestation of hypercalcemia?

<p>Muscle weakness and atrophy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment strategy is NOT commonly used for hypercalcemia?

<p>Vitamin D supplements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What assessment should be prioritized for a patient with hypercalcemia?

<p>Monitor calcium levels and neuro status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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