Molecular Biology Principles and Applications: Nucleic Acid Analyses and Pathogen Identification

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What temperature is recommended for short-term storage of DNA?

0°C

20°C

25°C

4°C (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a chemical inhibitor used to inhibit nucleases activity?

EDTA

SDS

Ca2+

NaCl (correct)

Where is the recommended storage temperature for DNA for long-term storage under ethanol?

-80°C

-20°C

-164°C (correct)

-196°C

What is the primary gene target for molecular detection of bacterial species?

16s rRNA gene Signup and view all the answers

What does the ultimate discriminatory test aim to achieve in pathogen identification?

Sequencing of the entire genome of every organism Signup and view all the answers

What type of characters are described as conserved among taxa or organisms?

Conserved characters Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 30S subunit from Thermos thermophilus shown in the image?

To visualize the molecular structure of the ribosomal subunit Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for pathogen subtyping according to the text?

Differentiating below the species or subspecies level based on a particular characteristic Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the gene targets highlighted in yellow and blue in the text?

To detect the presence of Flavivirus and Dengue Virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the key consideration for selecting suitable diagnostic tools according to the text?

Knowledge of the pathogen's biology Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the gene targets marked with a green box in the text?

To detect the presence of Flavivirus and Dengue Virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pathogen detection assays according to the text?

To qualitatively detect and/or determine the pathogen load of the target pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What did the discovery of restriction enzymes in bacteria lead to?

The development of molecular scissors for cutting DNA at specific points Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for DNA replication, RNA transcription, and protein translation?

The base pairing of nucleic acids Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enzymes are used as tools in molecular biology and molecular diagnostics?

Polymerases, transcriptases, nucleases, and ligases Signup and view all the answers

What are dNTPs?

Monomeric substrates for the polymerization reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of denaturation in the context of nucleic acids?

The separation of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) into single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) by breaking hydrogen bonds between base pairs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step to prevent DNA degradation?

Performing extractions at high temperatures Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the assays used for the detection of mutations in a pathogen?

To detect mutations for drug resistance or increased virulence Signup and view all the answers

Where should the assays target to detect traits conferred via mutation?

In the region coding for the particular trait Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant impact of molecular diagnostics on infectious disease and genetic disorders?

Improving diagnosis of infectious disease and genetic disorders Signup and view all the answers

Which region should be targeted for genotyping HIV drug resistance?

Specific codon positions associated with HIV drug resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the essential factor for those involved in laboratory medicine practice to understand?

Principles underlying various nucleic acid amplification technologies Signup and view all the answers

Where can one find a reference for diagnostic molecular biology according to the text?

The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford Signup and view all the answers