16 Questions
In mammals, which mechanism is responsible for balancing gene expression between males and females?
X-inactivation through facultative heterochromatin
What is the purpose of dosage compensation in gene expression?
To balance the amount of gene expression between males and females
What is the role of constitutive heterochromatin in mammals?
To permanently deactivate gene expression
In C.Elegans, what leads to the balance in gene expression between males and females?
Inactivation of genes on one of the X chromosomes in females
What is the main difference between constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin?
Constitutive heterochromatin permanently deactivates gene expression, while facultative heterochromatin regulates gene expression based on environmental factors
What is the purpose of X-inactivation in females in Drosophila?
To balance the amount of X-linked gene expression between males and females
What is the term for the state where genes are actually present but inactive?
Facultative heterochromatin
During X inactivation, what happens to the other X chromosome?
It becomes a barr body
What is the term for the region necessary for the inactivation of the X chromosome itself?
Inactivation center
What does the Xist gene transcript bind to in the nucleus?
Future inactive X
What is the name of the unstable RNA that prevents the binding of the Xist gene transcript to the inactivation center?
t6
What is necessary for the recruitment of heterochromatin proteins and formation of heterochromatin?
Xist gene transcript
Which type of RNA forms a kind of triplex structure with DNA and binds to its own locus in the nucleus?
Xist gene transcript
What is the term for DNA wrapped with protein and RNA to form a more condensed structure?
Chromatin
What type of genes escape from X inactivation?
Active genes
What happens to determined female characters at the very beginning of embryonic development?
They become active
Test your knowledge on the concept of dosage compensation and x-chromosome inactivation, focusing on heterochromatin formation and its role in balancing gene expression between males and females in different organisms, including mammals such as humans.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
