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Milady Nail Disorders & Diseases Chapter 10
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Milady Nail Disorders & Diseases Chapter 10

Created by
@CalmingCornet

Questions and Answers

Nails may be described as small ______ into an individual's general health.

mirrors

Certain health conditions may first be revealed by a change in the nails.

True

Some conditions are easily treated in the salon such as ingrown toenails.

False

Describe a normal healthy nail.

<p>Firm but flexible, shiny, smooth, and unspotted; no waves, ridges, pits, or splits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ________ is a condition caused by injury, hereditary factors, or previous disease of the nail unit.

<p>nail disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

You can help your clients with nail disorders in what two ways?

<p>Tell clients they may have a disorder and refer them to a physician if required. You can cosmetically improve certain nail plate conditions if the problem is cosmetic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a client with a nail disorder not receive services?

<p>If they are infected, inflamed, broken, or swollen; refer them to a physician.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate are ______. What makes them happen?

<p>Beau's lines; they usually result from major illness or injury that has traumatized the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The condition in which a blood clot forms under the nail plate causing a dark purplish spot is called?

<p>bruised nail beds</p> Signup and view all the answers

List possible causes of discolored nails.

<p>Stains from nail polish, foods, dyes, smoking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A noticeably thinner white nail plate that is much more flexible than normal is called?

<p>eggshell nails</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are eggshell nails usually caused by?

<p>Improper diet, hereditary factors, internal disease, or medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of manicuring an eggshell nail?

<p>Find the side of an abrasive board and file gently; don't file the nail plate too thin; apply a protective overlay of enhancement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A condition in which the living skin around the nail plate splits and tears is called?

<p>hangnail</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will aid in correcting hangnails?

<p>Advise the client to have hot oil manicures and not to cut the living skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the four signs of infection.

<p>Redness, pain, swelling, pus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Whitish discoloration of the nails usually caused by minor injury to the nail matrix is called?

<p>white spots, also called leukonychia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The darkening of fingernails or toenails is called?

<p>melanonychia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bitten nails resulting from a person's habit of chewing the nails or the hardened, damaged skin around the nail plate are called?

<p>onychophagy</p> Signup and view all the answers

The condition of split or brittle nails that have a series of lengthwise ridges giving a rough appearance to the surface of the nail plate is called?

<p>onychorrhexis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Onychorrhexis is usually caused by?

<p>Injury to the matrix, excessive use of cuticle removers, harsh cleaning agents, aggressive filing techniques, hereditary factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is never appropriate to apply a nail enhancement product if a client's nail bed is exposed.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pilcatured nail, also known as _______ is a type of highly curved nail plate usually caused by injury to _____ of nails, but may be ______.

<p>folded nail; matrix; inherited.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vertical lines running down the length of the natural nail plate usually as a result of normal aging are called?

<p>ridges</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be done to minimize the appearance of ridges?

<p>Buff or use a nail file.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Splinter hemorrhages are caused by physical trauma or injury to the ______.

<p>nail bed</p> Signup and view all the answers

An abnormal condition that occurs when the skin is stretched by the nail plate is called?

<p>nail pterygium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nail pterygium is caused by damage to the _____ or _____ and should not be treated by pushing the extension of skin back with an instrument.

<p>eponychium; hyponychium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nail plates with a deep or sharp curvature at the free edge have the shape because of the matrix.

<p>pincer nail</p> Signup and view all the answers

Any deformity or disease of the natural nail is called?

<p>onychosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

An inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shedding of the nail is called?

<p>onychia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ingrown nails are referred to as?

<p>onychocryptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lifting of the nail plate from the nail bed without shedding is called?

<p>onycholysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

The separation and falling off of a nail plate from the nail bed is called?

<p>onychomadesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate indicate?

<p>nail psoriasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

A bacterial infection of the tissues surrounding the nail is called?

<p>paronychia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate is called?

<p>pyogenic granuloma</p> Signup and view all the answers

A red itchy rash on the skin on the bottoms of the feet or in between the toes is called?

<p>tinea pedis</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fungal infection of the natural nail plate is called?

<p>onychomycosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

People who work in jobs that require them to regularly place their hands in ________ are more likely to develop nail infections.

<p>harsh cleaning solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parasites that may cause infections on feet and hands are called?

<p>fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the transmission of fungal infections be avoided?

<p>Proper cleaning and disinfection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nail infection is a bartender most likely to develop?

<p>paronychia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Green yellow or black discoloration of the nail bed is called?

<p>Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the past, discolorations of the nail plate were incorrectly referred to as _____.

<p>mold</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is usually caused by trauma, physical injury, or allergic reaction of the nail bed?

<p>onycholysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nail Disorders and Diseases

  • Nails reflect an individual's overall health, acting as indicators of health conditions.
  • Changes in nail appearance can signify underlying health issues; early detection through nails is possible.
  • Conditions like ingrown toenails may be mistakenly thought to be treatable in salons, but they often require medical attention.

Characteristics of Healthy Nails

  • A normal, healthy nail is firm yet flexible, shiny, smooth, unspotted, and free of waves, ridges, pits, or splits.

Nail Disorders

  • Nail disorders arise from injury, hereditary factors, or past diseases affecting the nail unit.
  • Clients with nail disorders should be informed and referred to a physician when experiencing signs like infection or inflammation.

Specific Nail Conditions

  • Beau's lines are visible depressions indicating trauma or major illness.
  • Bruised nail beds develop from blood clots under the nail plate, leading to purple spots.
  • Discolored nails may result from stains, foods, dyes, or smoking.
  • Eggshell nails appear thinner, more flexible, often due to dietary deficiencies or hereditary factors.

Treatments and Management

  • To manage eggshell nails, use gentle filing and apply a protective overlay.
  • Hangnails occur when skin around the nail splits; advise hot oil manicures and discourage cutting the skin.

Signs of Infection

  • Infections present four key signs: redness, pain, swelling, and pus.
  • White spots on nails, known as leukonychia, often arise from minor injuries to the nail matrix.

Other Common Nail Conditions

  • Melanonychia refers to the darkening of nails.
  • Onychophagy describes nails bitten due to habitual chewing, while onychorrhexis is characterized by split or brittle nails caused by various factors.
  • Nail pterygium involves skin stretching due to nail plate pressure and must be treated carefully.
  • Pincer nails exhibit a deep curvature caused by matrix abnormalities.

Nail Disorders with Specific Terms

  • Onychocryptosis is the medical term for ingrown nails.
  • Onycholysis involves the lifting of the nail plate from the bed.
  • Onychomadesis describes the separation and shedding of the nail plate.
  • Nail psoriasis leads to roughness and tiny pits on the nail surface.
  • Paronychia is a bacterial infection of the tissues around the nail, while pyogenic granuloma is characterized by growth from the nail bed.
  • Tinea pedis represents a red, itchy rash on the feet, while onychomycosis is a fungal infection affecting the nail plate.

Preventative Measures and Occupational Risks

  • Regular exposure to harsh cleaning solutions increases the risk of developing nail infections.
  • Proper cleaning and disinfection can help prevent the transmission of fungal infections.
  • Bartenders may be more susceptible to developing paronychia due to their work environment.

Misconceptions and Identification

  • Discolorations of the nail plate were historically mislabeled as mold, a misconception corrected with modern understanding.
  • Nail bed trauma or allergic reactions can lead to onycholysis, making proper identification crucial.

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Description

Test your knowledge on nail disorders and diseases covered in Chapter 10 of Milady’s curriculum. This quiz includes various definitions and true or false questions about the relationship between nails and overall health. Perfect for students and professionals in the cosmetology field!

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