Milady Ch 10 Nail Disorders and Diseases

Nail Disorders and Diseases

• Beau's Lines: Visible depressions across the nail plate, caused by major illness or trauma.
• Blue Fingernails: Indicates poor circulation, leading to a blue or purple nail bed.
• Bruised Nail Beds: Dark purple spots result from physical injury to the nail.
• Discolored Nails: Change in nail color may point to surface staining, systemic disorders, or circulation issues.
• Eggshell Nail: Thin, flexible, white nail plates caused by improper diet, genetics, internal diseases, or medications.
• Hang Nail: Split or torn living skin around the nail, often affecting the eponychium.
• Koilonychia: Known as spoon nail; associated with inverted or concave nail shapes.
• Leukonychia: Whitish nail discoloration from minor matrix injury; not linked to overall health or vitamin deficiencies.
• Melanonychia: Darkening of nails, appearing as black bands extending from the base to the free edge.
• Nail Pterygium: Abnormal skin stretching around the nail, often due to injury or reactions to nail products.
• Onychauxis: Thickening of the nails, affecting either fingernails or toenails.
• Onychogryposis: Known as ram's horn nails; enlarged, thickened nails with increased curvature.
• Onychophagy: Chewed nails and surrounding skin, commonly referred to as bitten nails.
• Onychorrhexis: Split or brittle nails characterized by lengthwise ridges on the surface.
• Pincer Nail: Increased crosswise curvature of the nail, creating a trumpet shape or sharp cone.
• Plicatured Nail: Highly curved nail plate, potentially inherited or caused by injury to the matrix.
• Ridges: Vertical lines on the nail plate, often a result of aging and uneven nail growth.
• Splinter Hemorrhage: Minor trauma causes capillary damage, leading to blood flow under the nailbed.
• Nail Psoriasis: Characterized by tiny pits or severe roughness on the nail surface.
• Onychia: Inflammation of the nail matrix, resulting in shedding of the nail.
• Onychocryptosis: Known as ingrown nails; the nail grows into the surrounding tissue.
• Onycholysis: Lifting of the nail plate from the nail bed, beginning at the free edge.
• Onychomycosis: Fungal infection affecting the natural nail plate.
• Onychomadesis: Separation and falling off of the nail plate from the nail bed.
• Paronychia: Bacterial inflammation of skin around the nail with redness, pus, and swelling.
• Pyogenic Granuloma: Severe nail inflammation resulting in a red tissue lump growing from the nailbed.
• Tinea Pedis: Also known as athlete's foot; presents as a red, itchy rash on the feet and between toes.
• Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Bacteria causing infections, leading to green, yellow, or black discoloration of the nail bed.
• Mycosis: General term for a fungal infection.
• Chauxis: Excessive nail growth, potentially indicating various underlying issues.