15 Questions
What is one of the roles of macrophages in host defense?
Ingesting and destroying microbes
How do macrophages respond to virally infected cells?
By activating the production of cytokines
What is the main response of NK cells to virally infected cells?
Directly killing the infected cells
How do NK cells respond to interleukin-12 (IL-12) produced by macrophages?
They secrete interferon-γ (IFN-γ) to activate macrophages
What is the function of cell surface complement receptors in macrophages?
Enhancing phagocytosis of complement-coated microbes
What is the main contribution of NK cells to host defense?
Directly killing infected cells
Which cells synthesize and secrete the cytokine interferon-γ?
NK cells
What triggers the alternative pathway of complement activation?
Complement proteins on microbial surfaces
Where are Chemokines primarily sourced from?
Endothelial cells
What role do Chemokines play in the immune response?
Increasing integrin affinity
What triggers the classical pathway of complement activation?
Antibodies binding to microbes
What is the effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) on endothelial cells?
Activating endothelial cells in inflammation and coagulation
What triggers the lectin pathway of complement activation?
Mannose-binding lectin binding to carbohydrate ligands on microbes
What is the primary cellular source of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)?
Macrophages
How does the rolling leukocyte transition to firmly adhering occur?
Activated integrins binding to endothelial ligands
Test your knowledge about the activation of macrophages and their roles in innate immune responses. Learn about the production of proteins, inflammatory functions, and phagocytosis associated with activated macrophages.
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