Lymphatic System and Immune Response Quiz

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What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells

To produce red and white blood cells

To remove excess fluid and pathogens from the body (correct)

To regulate blood pressure and heart rate

What happens if the lymphatic system gets blocked?

Muscle weakness develops

Lymphedema can develop (correct)

Respiratory failure occurs

Blood pressure increases

How many lymph nodes are typically present in the human body?

300 - 400

100 - 200

700 - 800

500 - 600 (correct)

What is the mechanism that moves lymph fluid through the lymphatic system?

Muscle contractions and breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lacteals in the intestines?

To carry dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins to the liver and bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

What are the three phases of the immune system?

Barrier, innate, and adaptive Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of HIV in our immune system?

It weakens and inhibits the helper T cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity involves antigen-antibody accumulation in the blood stream?

Type 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of erythroblastosis fetalis?

Mother's antibodies attacking the fetus due to a positive Rh factor Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic makes family members more likely to be organ transplant matches?

Similar genetic background Signup and view all the answers

What does 'equilibrium' refer to in relation to cancer and the immune system?

Cancer cells being held in check by the immune system Signup and view all the answers

How does Type 4 hypersensitivity manifest during a second exposure?

Cytokines are released to activate macrophages and cytotoxic T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of opsonization?

To mark a pathogen for phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of inflammation?

Fever Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of histamine during inflammation?

To increase vasodilation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the innate immune response?

To slow down pathogens so the adaptive immune response can develop Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the primary and secondary adaptive immune responses?

The secondary response is stronger and faster Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of T cells in the adaptive immune response?

To control and regulate the adaptive immune response Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of antigen presentation?

To allow T cells to recognize antigens Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Class 1 and Class 2 MHC molecules?

Class 1 MHC molecules are found in many different cells, while Class 2 MHC molecules are only found in macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of positive and negative selection in the thymus?

To select T cells that can bind to MHC molecules and eliminate those that cannot Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between helper T cells (Th1 and Th2) and cytotoxic T cells?

Helper T cells release cytokines to attract other immune cells, while cytotoxic T cells release enzymes to destroy infected cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the thymus gland?

To produce T cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a phagocyte?

B cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of natural killer (NK) cells?

To destroy infected cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main way that lymphocytes collect in the body?

In lymph nodes and lymphoid nodules Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the spleen?

To filter the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the innate immune system?

To respond quickly to a wide range of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytokines?

To communicate between immune cells over short distances Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the skin as an immune barrier?

To provide a physical and chemical barrier Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of macrophages in the immune system?

To recognize and destroy a wide range of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the adaptive immune response?

To provide long-term memory and protection against future infections Signup and view all the answers

Which immune cells suppress other T cells and the immune response?

Regulatory T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the clumping together of antigens caused by antibodies?

Agglutination Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody is known to be associated with allergies and anaphylaxis?

IgE Signup and view all the answers

What is the main antibody produced during a secondary immune response?

IgG Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells in the immune system?

Killing virus-infected cells Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody type is the largest and the first produced during a primary immune response?

IgM Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when B cells change the type of antibody they produce during an immune response?

Class switching Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity involves transferring antibodies to an individual without their body producing its own immunity?

Passive immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of antibodies against viruses?

Prevent viruses from entering host cells Signup and view all the answers