Lymphatic System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

  • To transport oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells
  • To carry excess fluid to the blood stream and remove pathogens (correct)
  • To provide a pathway for the nervous system to communicate with the body
  • To filter blood and remove pathogens

    • What happens if the lymphatic system becomes blocked?

  • The body will experience increased blood flow
  • The body will experience a buildup of fluid, leading to lymphedema (correct)
  • The body will experience increased oxygen delivery
  • The body will experience a decrease in immune function

    • What is the role of lymph nodes in the immune response?

  • Lymph nodes filter lymph fluid and remove pathogens
  • Lymph nodes are responsible for the barrier defense against invaders
  • Lymph nodes produce lymphocytes that circulate in the blood
  • Lymph nodes are where the adaptive immune response is initiated (correct)

    • What is the driving force behind lymph movement in the lymphatic system?

    <p>Peristaltic contractions of the lymphatic vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lacteals in the intestines?

    <p>To carry dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins to the liver and bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main phases of the immune system?

    <p>Barrier, innate, and adaptive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of clones in the immune system?

    <p>To fight infections by dividing and producing the same antigen receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of regulatory T cells in the immune system?

    <p>To suppress other T cells and the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when a B cell that attaches to a 'self' antigen is signaled for apoptosis and destroyed?

    <p>Peripheral tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of IgM antibodies?

    <p>To be the largest antibody and the first produced during a primary immune response, great at binding to antigens and the complement system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of cytotoxic T cells in the immune system?

    <p>To kill virus-infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of seroconversion in the immune system?

    <p>To measure the reciprocal relationship between virus and antibody levels in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do antibodies help to fight viruses?

    <p>By coating the virus and preventing it from entering cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most severe form of immunodeficiency disease?

    <p>Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do pathogens evolve to evade the immune system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID)?

    <p>Bone marrow transplant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of helper T cells in relation to HIV?

    <p>They coordinate the immune response against infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the immediate release of histamine from mast cells?

    <p>Type 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of erythroblastosis fetalis?

    <p>Incompatibility of the Rh factor between the mother and fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that has been implicated in the development of autoimmune diseases?

    <p>Viral infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecule in organ transplantation?

    <p>It facilitates the recognition of foreign antigens by the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cancer vaccines in the context of cancer immunotherapy?

    <p>They stimulate the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of lymphocyte?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of plasma cells?

    <p>Produce antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is responsible for the maturation of T cells?

    <p>Thymus gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the spleen?

    <p>Filter blood and remove pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a primary barrier against pathogens?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which Natural Killer (NK) cells kill infected cells?

    <p>Apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of chemokines in the immune system?

    <p>Attract immune cells from a long distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bone marrow is responsible for the production of blood cells?

    <p>Red bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of dendritic cells in the immune system?

    <p>Present antigens to lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a primary lymphoid organ?

    <p>Lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of opsonization?

    <p>To mark pathogens for phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the four characteristics of inflammation?

    <p>Fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of histamine in the inflammatory response?

    <p>To increase vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cell receptor domain is responsible for recognizing the wide variety of pathogens?

    <p>Variable region domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when antigens are broken down into smaller pieces by antigen-presenting cells?

    <p>Antigen processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of MHC molecule is found only in macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells?

    <p>Class 2 MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when thymocytes that bind to self-antigens undergo apoptosis?

    <p>Negative selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cell releases cytokines to attract B cells to the antigen?

    <p>Helper T cells (Th2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when a T cell rapidly divides after binding to an antigen presented by an MHC molecule?

    <p>Clonal expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune response is responsible for killing pathogens before symptoms are noticed?

    <p>Secondary adaptive response</p> Signup and view all the answers

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