Lymphatic System and Immune Response

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

To bring excess fluid to the bloodstream and filter pathogens (correct)
To coordinate the adaptive immune response
To destroy pathogens and filter blood
To absorb dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins

Which of the following is NOT an area with no lymph vessels?

Bone marrow
Muscles (correct)
Teeth
Central nervous system

How do lymphocytes coordinate the adaptive immune response?

By secreting chemokines to attract other immune cells
By containing cell-killing granules as a first line of defense
By ingesting pathogens
By developing into plasma cells that produce antibodies (correct)

What is the primary function of natural killer cells?

To provide a first line of defense against viruses and some cancers (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where do B cells develop?

In the red bone marrow (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the thymus gland?

To mature T cells, a type of lymphocyte (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lymph nodes?

To filter lymph and remove pathogens (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the spleen is true?

It is known as the 'filter of the blood' (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tonsils?

To develop immunity to oral pathogens (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of lymphoid nodules?

They have a fibrous capsule surrounding them (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where is mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) found?

In the gastrointestinal tract, breast tissue, lungs, and eyes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most serious inherited type of combined immunodeficiency disease?

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are primarily infected and killed by the HIV virus?

Helper T cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action in an immediate (type 1) hypersensitivity reaction?

IgE binding to mast cells causing degranulation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with a mismatched blood transfusion?

Type 2 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical timeframe for the development of symptoms in a delayed (type 4) hypersensitivity reaction?

24-72 hours (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about autoimmune diseases is true?

The immune system attacks the body's own cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the barrier defense system?

Phagocytes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of perforins?

Putting holes in the membranes of infected cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the complement system?

Secreting interferons to induce antiviral proteins (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key difference between primary and secondary adaptive immune responses?

Primary response takes longer and is weaker, while secondary response is rapid and stronger (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the T cell-mediated immune response?

T cells directly bind to and eliminate pathogens (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of negative selection during T cell development in the thymus?

To eliminate T cells that bind too strongly to self-antigens (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of helper T cells?

Killing target cells by inducing apoptosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of IgA antibodies?

Protecting the body's surfaces and secretions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which viruses are fought by the immune system?

Cytotoxic T cells, interferons, and natural killer cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of seroconversion during an immune response?

To indicate the rise of antibody levels and decline of pathogen levels (D) Signup and view all the answers