Lipid Transport and Cholesterol Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four categories of large molecules in cells?

Proteins

Lipids

Nucleic acids

Carbohydrates (correct)

Which type of organic molecule has a unique three-dimensional shape that defines its function in an organism?

Nucleic acids

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins (correct)

Which type of carbohydrate is found in sports drinks and is the main fuel that cells use for cellular work?

Oligosaccharides

Monosaccharides (correct)

Disaccharides

Polysaccharides

Which type of disaccharide is the most common?

Sucrose Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of starch in plant cells?

Energy storage Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid is a structural component of cell membranes?

Phospholipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cholesterol in the body?

Production of other steroids Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cholesterol is often referred to as 'bad cholesterol'?

LDL Signup and view all the answers

What happens to excess cholesterol in the body?

It is packaged into HDL Signup and view all the answers

How many of the 20 amino acids can our body synthesize?

11 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of a protein?

The arrangement of amino acids in the protein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the structure of DNA?

DNA is double stranded with deoxyribose sugar and pairs adenine with thymine. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the structure of RNA?

RNA is single stranded with ribose sugar and pairs adenine with uracil. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine. Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrates include: - Small sugar molecules in soft drinks - Long starch molecules in pasta and ______.

potatoes Signup and view all the answers

Monosaccharides are simple sugars: - Glucose is found in sports drinks. - Fructose is found in ______. Honey contains both glucose and fructose.

fruit Signup and view all the answers

There are four categories of large molecules in cells: - ______ - Lipids - Proteins - Nucleic acids

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Disaccharides are joined through a dehydration ______.

reaction Signup and view all the answers

The most common disaccharide is ______.

sucrose Signup and view all the answers

Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates that are long chains of ______ units.

sugar Signup and view all the answers

Lipids are insoluble in ______.

water Signup and view all the answers

DNA is a ____ stranded molecule.

double Signup and view all the answers

RNA is a ____ stranded molecule.

single Signup and view all the answers

The sugar in DNA is _____.

deoxyribose Signup and view all the answers

______ is often called 'bad cholesterol'

LDL Signup and view all the answers

Excess cholesterol is packaged into ______

HDL Signup and view all the answers

High LDL is bad, high HDL is ______

good Signup and view all the answers

A protein's shape is sensitive to the surrounding ______

environment Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Categories of Large Molecules

Four main categories of large molecules in cells: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic acids.
Disaccharides are formed through dehydration synthesis.

Organic Molecules and Their Functions

Proteins exhibit a unique three-dimensional shape that determines their specific function in organisms.
Cholesterol serves essential functions in the body including membrane structure and fluidity modulation.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is often referred to as 'good cholesterol,’ while low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is known as 'bad cholesterol.'

Types of Carbohydrates

Glucose, a monosaccharide, is the main fuel used by cells for cellular processes and is found in sports drinks.
The most common disaccharide is sucrose.
Polysaccharides, which include starch, are long chains of monosaccharide units. Starch functions as a primary energy storage molecule in plant cells.

Properties of Lipids

Lipids are hydrophobic (insoluble in water) and are key structural components of cell membranes.
Excess cholesterol in the body is packed into particles for transportation.

Amino Acids and Proteins

The human body can synthesize 11 out of the 20 amino acids.
The primary structure of a protein consists of a linear sequence of amino acids.
A protein's shape is sensitive to the surrounding environmental conditions, affecting its functionality.

Nucleic Acids

DNA is a double-stranded molecule, while RNA is single-stranded.
The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, whereas RNA contains ribose.
In DNA, nitrogenous bases pair specifically: Adenine with Thymine, and Cytosine with Guanine.

Miscellaneous

Fructose is a simple sugar found in fruits and is also found in honey.
Complex carbohydrates include long starch molecules found in pasta and other foods.

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Description

Test your knowledge on lipid transport and cholesterol with this quiz! Learn the importance of LDL and HDL cholesterol, how they affect heart disease, and how the liver recycles cholesterol. Find out why high LDL is bad and high HDL is good.