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Questions and Answers
ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من قانون أصول المحاكمات المدنية والتجارية؟
ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من قانون أصول المحاكمات المدنية والتجارية؟
كيف تتم معالجة الأضرار التي تصيب الطائرة أو البضائع حسب القوانين المنظمة؟
كيف تتم معالجة الأضرار التي تصيب الطائرة أو البضائع حسب القوانين المنظمة؟
ما هي المسؤولية الأساسية المرتبطة بشركة الطيران بالنسبة للأضرار التي تصيب البضائع؟
ما هي المسؤولية الأساسية المرتبطة بشركة الطيران بالنسبة للأضرار التي تصيب البضائع؟
ما هي المسؤولية الجنائية التي يتحملها المهندسون في السياق المهني؟
ما هي المسؤولية الجنائية التي يتحملها المهندسون في السياق المهني؟
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ما هو العنصر الرئيسي الذي يجب أن يتمركز حوله قانون أصول المحاكمات؟
ما هو العنصر الرئيسي الذي يجب أن يتمركز حوله قانون أصول المحاكمات؟
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ما هو العنصر الأساسي في قانون النقابات الذي يؤثر على مهندسي المشاريع؟
ما هو العنصر الأساسي في قانون النقابات الذي يؤثر على مهندسي المشاريع؟
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ما الذي يضمن قابلية قانون أصول المحاكمات للتطبيق في القضايا المختلفة؟
ما الذي يضمن قابلية قانون أصول المحاكمات للتطبيق في القضايا المختلفة؟
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كيف يمكن لمهندسي النظر في الأخلاقيات المهنية التأثير على القرار في المشاريع؟
كيف يمكن لمهندسي النظر في الأخلاقيات المهنية التأثير على القرار في المشاريع؟
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ما هو أحد المتطلبات الرئيسية للحصول على ترخيص كمهندس؟
ما هو أحد المتطلبات الرئيسية للحصول على ترخيص كمهندس؟
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ما هي العقوبة المحتملة للمهندسين الذين يخرقون المعايير التنظيمية؟
ما هي العقوبة المحتملة للمهندسين الذين يخرقون المعايير التنظيمية؟
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Study Notes
Laws of Engineering Professions - Course Contents
- Chapter 1: Definition of law – principles and rules of legislation.
- Chapter 2: General aspects of civil law.
- Chapter 3: Contracts and compensations – some insight into criminal laws.
- Chapter 4: Criminal responsibilities on engineers professionally.
- Chapter 5: Working law – Insight into syndicates law.
- Chapter 6: Companies' law – taxes law – environmental protection laws.
Definition of Law
- Law is a set of principles and rules that govern and organize society.
- A successful society requires rules to govern individuals and ensure they respect their duties and rights.
- Law defines individuals' rights and obligations, and establishes appropriate penalties for violating these rules.
- Governments enforce these rules and penalties.
- Legal rules constantly adapt to societal changes/developments.
- Fair and just systems for modifying unjust laws are found in democratic societies.
- The term "law" originates from the Greek word "Kanun," meaning "straight stick," which symbolizes order and justice.
- The term also suggests the origin and measuring of something.
- Law is a general rule applicable to all individuals, defining their responsibilities.
Differences between Law and Legislation
- Law is broader than legislation, as legislation is part of the law.
- Judges use legislation, custom, rules, and previous judicial decisions.
- All legislation is law, but not all law is legislation.
- Legislation is specific, while law is general.
- Law comes from custom, religion, or previous court rulings.
- Legislation originates from legislative /lawmaking bodies.
- Legislation must be written/documented to be valid, while law can be written or unwritten (custom).
- Legislation aims to regulate individuals' behaviour, and is subject to legislative review.
- Legislation must follow formal procedures, unlike custom and general legal rules.
Branches of Law
- Law is broadly divided into public and private law.
- The difference lies in the presence of state authority.
- Public law: Governs relationship where one party holds authority over the other (e.g., state vs individual).
- Private law: Governs relationships where neither party holds authority (e.g., citizens' relationship with each other).
Results of the Distinction between Branches of Law
- Differences in personal liability under public and private law exist.
- The state has more privileges under public law than under private law (e.g., property seizure for public use).
- Public disputes are resolved through administrative courts, while private disputes go to ordinary courts.
- Parties cannot agree to violate public law as it relates to social interest.
- Parties can agree to violate private law as it relates to their individual interests.
- Public assets cannot be seized or acquired by default, unlike private assets.
Branches of Private Law
- Contract Law: Deals with agreements and promises between parties.
- Family Law: Deals with family matters such as marriage and divorce.
- Property Law: Deals with ownership, transfer of property.
- Inheritance Law: Deals with inheritance, wills.
- Company Law: Deals with corporations and businesses.
- Tax Law: Deals with taxation.
- Commercial Law: Concerns business transactions.
- Maritime Law: Regulates maritime activities.
- Aviation Law: Addresses aviation-related matters.
- International Private Law: Deals with international aspects of private law.
- Labor Law: Regulates employer-employee relationships.
Definition of Civil Law
- Civil law regulates the relationship of individuals and state parties in the absence of dominance and authority.
- It provides a basis for private law to regulate relationships and individuals' rights and obligations with each other.
- Civil law includes: Family issues, economic/property matters.
Objectives of Law
- Security: Preventing harm/crime, punishing offenders.
- Fairness: Ensuring equal treatment for individuals, preventing injustice.
- Stability: Establishing general rules to maintain order and consistency.
- Economic Goals: Aligning laws with economic situations and needs.
- Political Goals: Governing relations between authorities/state to align with the political system.
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Description
استكشف محتوى الدورة حول قوانين المهن الهندسية من خلال هذا الاختبار. يغطي الاختبار تعريف القانون، جوانب القانون المدني، العقود والتعويضات، المسؤوليات الجنائية، قانون العمل، وقوانين الشركات. هذا الاختبار مثالي لفهم كيفية تفاعل القوانين مع الهندسة.
