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Questions and Answers
What is a significant focus of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology?
How did Blum and Naylor define Industrial or Organizational Psychology?
Which of the following is NOT typically a field of I/O Psychology?
What can I/O psychologists use research findings to enhance?
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What is a primary concern of the professional side of I/O Psychology?
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Which division of the American Psychological Association focuses on I/O Psychology?
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What aspect of ergonomics is primarily addressed in I/O Psychology?
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When did the term 'industrial psychology' first appear in literature?
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What was a significant typographical error made by Bryan in his earlier work?
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Which of the following statements reflects Frederick W. Taylor's principles of scientific management?
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What were the Army Alpha and Beta tests developed for during World War I?
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What aspect of time management did Lillian Moller Gilbreth primarily focus on?
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Which theory is associated with Hugo Münsterberg regarding work efficiency?
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What behavioral phenomenon was demonstrated in the Hawthorne studies?
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Which assessment was developed during World War II for military personnel selection?
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What major change occurred during the Information Age regarding business practices?
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Study Notes
What is Organizational Psychology?
- Organizational psychology is a specialized field of psychology that focuses on applying psychological concepts and principles to the workplace
- It was defined by Blum and Naylor in 1968 as the application of psychological principles to issues and problems in business and industry
- Organizational psychology is a field of scientific study and professional practice
Society for Industrial and Organizational (I-O) Psychology
- The American Psychological Association has 54 divisions representing different sub-disciplines, the 14th division is the Society for Industrial and Organizational (I-O) Psychology
- The Society for Industrial and Organizational (I-O) Psychology focuses on skills assessment, leadership development, staff management, teamwork, occupational health and safety, diversity in the workplace, and work-life balance
Application of Knowledge
- Organizational psychology focuses on using psychological knowledge to real-world problems in the workplace
- Organizational psychologists use research findings to hire better employees, reduce absenteeism, improve communication, increase job satisfaction, and solve other problems.
Fields of I/O Psychology
- Selection and Placement
- Training and Development
- Performance Appraisal
- Organization Development
- Quality of Work life
- Ergonomics - the design of equipment and systems to be compatible with human capabilities and limitations.
History of I/O Psychology
- The term Industrial Psychology was first coined in 1904 by Bryan
- Walter Dill Scott, a pioneer in industrial psychology, applied psychology to advertising
- Frederick Winslow Taylor’s The Principles of Scientific Management focused on scientific management practices, and improving worker efficiency
- Lillian Moller Gilbreth focused on the human aspect of time management
Hugo Munsterberg
- Munsterberg's book "Psychology and Industrial Efficiency (1913)" focused on selection, training, and work design
World War I
- I/O psychologists helped to develop and administer intelligence tests for Army recruits:
- Army Alpha Test, a verbal intelligence test
- Army Beta Test, a nonverbal intelligence test
Between the Wars
- The Hawthorne studies, conducted at the Western Electric Company, focused research on how work behavior manifests itself in an organizational context, and how workers respond to changes in their work environment
World War II
- I/O psychologists were involved in the development and administration of military selection and placement tests:
- Army General Classification Test (AGCT) for selection and placement of military personnel
- Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) for selection and placement of military personnel
The Information Age (1994 –Present)
- Electronic communication, like the internet, has revolutionized business and customer-oriented service
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Description
Explore the principles and applications of organizational psychology in the workplace. This quiz covers foundational concepts, the role of I-O psychology, and the impact of psychological principles on business practices. Test your knowledge on skills assessment, leadership, and workplace dynamics.
