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Infection Basics Quiz
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Infection Basics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of an infection?

  • A condition resulting from a lack of nutrition.
  • A temporary discomfort caused by external factors.
  • A disease that is caused by physical injuries.
  • A disease state when micro-organisms invade and grow in the body. (correct)

    • Viruses can replicate outside a living host.

    False

    Name the four main types of infections.

    Virus, Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa

    An infection requires the micro-organisms to enter the body, _______, and cause a response.

    <p>grow and multiply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of microorganisms with their characteristics:

    <p>Virus = Requires a living host to replicate Bacteria = Most common type of infection Fungi = Plant-like organisms found in various environments Protozoa = Unicellular organisms that may cause disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common example of a viral infection?

    <p>Common cold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chain of infection is a straightforward process without any cyclical components.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must happen for an infection to occur after microorganisms enter the body?

    <p>They must grow and multiply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the 5 Moments of Hand Hygiene?

    <p>Before eating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alcohol-based hand sanitizer is more effective than hand washing when hands are visibly dirty.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration for routine hand washing?

    <p>40-60 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The most powerful defense against infection is __________.

    <p>hand washing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following personal protective equipment (PPE) with their purposes:

    <p>Gloves = Protects against infectious agents Gowns = Prevents soiling of clothing Masks = Provides respiratory protection Eye protection = Protects the eyes from splashes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after touching a patient?

    <p>Wash hands immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using alcohol-based hand gel requires more time than hand washing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should a surgical hand wash last?

    <p>5 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Personal protective equipment includes gloves, masks, __________, and gowns.

    <p>eye protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of alcohol-based hand sanitizer?

    <p>Acts fast and is self-drying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following infections requires patients to wear an N95 mask during transport?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Visitors are not required to wear masks when visiting isolated patients.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one psychological effect that isolated patients may experience?

    <p>Loss of self-esteem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 require _____ precautions.

    <p>combined standard, airborne and contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following infections with their corresponding precautions:

    <p>Tuberculosis = Airborne Transmission Influenza = Combined Precautions – Standard and Droplet Chickenpox = Combined Precautions – Standard, Airborne and Contact RSV = Combined Precautions – Standard and Droplet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be worn to protect against splashes or sprays of body substances?

    <p>Protective eyewear and surgical mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A surgical mask can be reused if it was lowered around the neck.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one condition that requires contact transmission precautions.

    <p>Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Droplets from sneezing, talking, or coughing can transmit infections within ______ meters.

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of transmission-based precaution with its description:

    <p>Contact Precautions = Used when microorganisms can spread by direct or indirect contact. Droplet Precautions = Used for infections that spread through large particle aerosols. Airborne Precautions = Used when diseases can be transmitted through the air over long distances. Transmission-based Precautions = Category of precautions used when standard precautions are insufficient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a strategy for droplet precautions?

    <p>Use gloves and gown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Appropriate signage needs to be visible on the patient’s door for all types of transmission-based precautions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one method to limit the movement of a person under contact precautions?

    <p>Placing the person in a single room</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When performing procedures with risk of exposure to body substances, a mask should be changed before it becomes ______.

    <p>damp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following infections would likely require stringent contact precautions?

    <p>Localized Shingles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the chain of infection concept?

    <p>To prevent the spread of infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Standard precautions are only necessary for patients who are known to be infected.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the two types of precautions issued by the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality Health Care (ACSQHC).

    <p>Standard Precautions (Tier 1) and Transmission Based Precautions (Tier 2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Transmission Based Precautions are implemented when _______ precautions are not sufficient.

    <p>standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of Transmission Based Precaution?

    <p>Standard Precautions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Contact Precautions are used for diseases such as multi-resistant organisms and localized shingles.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List one example of an airborne precaution.

    <p>Pulmonary TB, chickenpox, or measles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the healthcare setting, every person is assumed to be potentially infected or colonized with an organism that could be transmitted in the _______.

    <p>healthcare setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of Precautions with their examples:

    <p>Contact Precautions = Multi-resistant organisms Droplet Precautions = Norovirus Airborne Precautions = Pulmonary TB Standard Precautions = All patients in all situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Transmission Based Precautions are always implemented for every patient.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Infection Basics

    • Infection is a disease state caused by micro-organisms invading the body, leading to ill health.
    • Essential for an infection to occur: micro-organisms must enter, grow, multiply, and provoke a response in the host.

    Types of Infections

    • Viruses: Smallest microorganisms, needing a host to replicate; transmitted person-to-person (e.g., common cold, hepatitis).
    • Bacteria: Most common infections; categorized by shape (cocci, bacilli, spirilla, spirochetes).
    • Fungi: Plant-like organisms found in various environments; examples include athlete's foot and ringworm.

    Chain of Infection

    • The transmission follows a cyclical process and involves various components which can be broken to prevent spread.
    • Key component links include the infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.

    Infection Control Precautions

    • Standard Precautions: Used with all patients; includes hand hygiene, PPE, waste disposal, and managing patient care environments.
    • Transmission-Based Precautions: Implemented when standard precautions aren't sufficient, categorized as:
      • Contact Precautions: Prevents spread via direct/indirect contact (e.g., MRSA, C.diff).
      • Droplet Precautions: Prevents transmission through respiratory droplets (e.g., influenza).
      • Airborne Precautions: Needed for infections spread through the air (e.g., TB, chickenpox).

    Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

    • Essential for protecting patients and healthcare workers from infectious agents.
    • PPE includes gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection:
      • Gloves: Worn to prevent contamination during specific procedures.
      • Gowns: Protect skin and clothing from bodily fluids.
      • Masks and Eye Protection: Prevent exposure to splashes; masks should not be reused once damp.

    Hand Hygiene Practices

    • Hand washing is vital in preventing infection; includes five critical moments:
      • Before touching patients
      • Before procedures
      • After body fluid exposure
      • After patient contact
      • After touching the patient surroundings
    • Routine hand washing requires 40-60 seconds; surgical washing lasts five minutes.

    Transmission-Based Precautions Details

    • Contact Transmission: Requires dedicated rooms, signage, and gloves/gowns.
    • Droplet Transmission: Requires patients in single rooms, masks for healthcare workers, and careful patient transport.
    • Airborne Transmission: Requires negative pressure rooms, keeping doors closed, and N95 masks for hospital entry.

    Combined Precautions

    • May be necessary in situations like unknown respiratory infections or confirmed cases of COVID-19, utilizing both standard and additional precaution measures based on the infection type.

    Addressing Patient Needs in Isolation

    • Patients in isolation may experience psychological effects; effective strategies include:
      • Educating patients and families about precautions.
      • Regular updates to alleviate anxiety.
      • Active listening to patients' concerns.
      • Proper documentation of concerns and education efforts within patient care plans.

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    Related Documents

    Infection Control.pdf

    Description

    Test your understanding of infections with this quiz. Covering definitions, types of infections, and characteristics of microorganisms, this quiz helps reinforce key concepts related to infections and their causes. Perfect for students studying health sciences.

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