Disease and Infectious Disease Definitions

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Questions and Answers

What does LD50 stand for in microbiology?

  • Low Dose 50
  • Long Duration 50
  • Lethal Dose 50 (correct)
  • Large Dose 50

Which of the following is an example of ID50?

  • Vibrio cholerae
  • 100,000,000 cells
  • 108 spores
  • 5,000 to 10,000 spores (correct)

How do pathogens primarily gain entrance into the body through the skin?

  • Inhalation through the skin
  • Through hair follicles and sweat glands (correct)
  • By binding to skin cells
  • Via pores

What do pathogens use to attach to host tissue?

<p>Fimbriae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature plays a crucial role in tissue tropism?

<p>Fimbriae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ID50 represent in microbiology?

<p>Infectious Dose 50 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a pandemic and an epidemic disease?

<p>The geographical area affected by the disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of a microbe to cause disease?

<p>Pathogenicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of disease is normally found in a certain percentage of a population?

<p>Endemic disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the degree of pathogenicity?

<p>Virulence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors produced by a microorganism that induce pathology in a host?

<p>Virulence factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disease condition caused by the presence or growth of infectious microorganisms or parasites?

<p>Infectious disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of an opportunistic pathogen?

<p>It is generally harmless but can cause disease when it gains access to other sites or tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between pathogenicity and virulence?

<p>Pathogenicity is the capacity of a microbe to cause disease in a host, while virulence is the degree of pathogenicity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

<p>An epidemic is a sudden increase in the number of cases of a particular disease in a specific geographic area, while a pandemic is a global outbreak of a disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an endemic and an epidemic disease?

<p>An endemic disease is a disease that is always present in a specific population, while an epidemic disease is a sudden increase in the number of cases of a particular disease in a specific geographic area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between an obligate pathogen and its host?

<p>The pathogen always causes disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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