43 Questions
Who is often regarded as the beginning of business and industrial psychology?
Walter Dill Scott
In which university was the Division of Applied Psychology established in 1915?
Carnegie Mellon University
Who moved to the United States and published the textbook 'Psychology and Industrial Efficiency'?
Hugo Munsterberg
Who led a psychological program under the army’s personnel officer during World War I?
Walter Dill Scott
Who worked for the government doing selection and placement of military personnel during World War I?
Robert Yerkes
Who was the first person to call himself a psychologist?
Wilhelm Wundt
What is a potential extraneous variable that could affect the relationship between leadership style and employee performance?
Employees' experience
How can extraneous variables be controlled in an experiment?
By manipulating different levels of the variable
What statistical technique can be used to control the variability in the dependent variable due to extraneous variables?
Analysis of covariance
In the context of a leadership–job performance study, what might be treated as an independent variable to control for its impact on the dependent variable?
Gender
What type of data did the practitioner primarily use for field-based research?
Self-administered surveys
In the context of uncovering obstacles to performance, what kind of insights have been fueling strategic decision making in organizations?
Reliable and valid insights
What did the major retailer want to understand the relationship between?
How it led and managed and business results
Why was location-type used as a control variable in the study conducted by the major retailer?
To account for differences in financial performance based on location
'Gone are the days when successful companies made million-dollar decisions based on unreliable information or management hunches.' What does this statement imply?
'Gone are the days' implies a shift towards data-driven decision making in successful companies
'Recently, a major retailer wanted to understand the relationship between how it led and managed and business results.' What does 'how it led and managed' refer to in this context?
'How it led and managed' refers to leadership and management practices
What does the DeGarmo Group do with the work style ratings of job applicants?
They use the work style ratings to determine how well the applicant's personality fits the job
What is a major criticism of the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) mentioned in the text?
It has a reading level that limits who can competently do the job analysis
What is the focus of the Common-Metric Questionnaire (CMQ) developed by Harvey (1993)?
Comparing descriptions across jobs by using a common set of abstract items
What is a potential issue with task-oriented approaches like the Task Inventory Approach and Functional Job Analysis?
They make it very difficult to uncover any similarities across jobs
What is the primary goal of the DeGarmo Group when matching applicants to its clients’ needs?
To determine how applicants' personalities fit specific job demands
What is a major criticism of the PAQ mentioned in the text?
It does not have a common set of items written at a more behaviorally abstract level
What is a focus of task-oriented approaches like the Task Inventory Approach and Functional Job Analysis?
Describing jobs at an extremely specific task level
'What relationships with other people are required in performing the job' falls under which dimension in the PAQ?
Relationships with other persons dimension
'Use of written materials' and 'Near-visual differentiation' fall under which dimension in the PAQ?
Information input dimension
'Instructing' and 'Contacts with public, customers' fall under which dimension in the PAQ?
'Relationships with other persons dimension'
What is the definition of 'composite criterion'?
A weighted combination of multiple criteria resulting in a single index of performance
Which factor reflects the degree to which an individual can perform core tasks central to a particular job?
Job-specific task proficiency
How is a composite criterion created through unequal weighting?
By weighting the criteria differentially according to their importance
What is the focus of 'Maintaining personal discipline'?
Avoidance of negative behaviors
What represents a significant criterion problem in organizations?
The multidimensional nature of performance
What is the example given for 'Demonstrating effort'?
An administrative assistant who goes into the office during a winter storm
What is the definition of 'Job-specific task proficiency'?
Degree to which individual can perform core tasks central to a particular job
What is the primary issue discussed regarding performance and HR decisions in organizations?
The difficulty in making decisions based on one score or combination of multiple criteria
What are 'Facilitating peer and team performance' tasks primarily focused on?
Helping and supporting peers and team members with job problems
What is the primary characteristic of 'Written and oral communication tasks'?
Proficiency with which one can write and speak effectively
What is the purpose of the forced-choice checklist approach in performance appraisal?
To reduce purposeful bias or distortion on the part of raters
What drawback is associated with the forced-choice checklist approach?
Raters losing control over the rating process
What is the primary advantage of the computerized adaptive rating scale (CARS) developed by Borman and his colleagues?
It reduces the bias associated with other approaches
What is the purpose of forced distribution in performance appraisal?
To categorize one-third of the subordinates as average
What is a potential issue with rank-ordering as an employee comparison procedure?
Complexity of the task as the number of ratees increases
What is a drawback of using paired comparisons for employee evaluation?
Increasing complexity as the number of ratees increases
'In what way does the computerized adaptive rating scale (CARS) differ from other performance appraisal approaches?' - Which one of these statements provides a valid difference between CARS and other approaches?
'CARS' provides more discriminability and involves rank-ordering employees from best to worst
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