Immunology 2: Antibody vs Cell-Mediated Immunity

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Questions and Answers

What describes artificial active immunity?

Transfer of antibodies from an immune individual.

Production of non-specific antibodies upon exposure.

Immunological memory developed after vaccination. (correct)

Immediate response to an existing infection.

What is a result of immunisation against a weakened microorganism?

Loss of immunological memory over time.

A decreased risk of infection due to increased exhaustion of immune cells.

Immediate production of antibodies without prior exposure.

Strengthened and faster immune responses upon subsequent infections. (correct)

What happens when a person at risk doesn't develop their own immune response?

They may receive antitoxin or passive immunity. (correct)

They will never get infected.

Their immune system will strengthen independently.

They automatically develop long-term immunity.

Which statement about antibodies is correct?

Antibodies identify foreign structures on pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the immunity from a vaccination runs out?

The person may be at risk for infection again. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of memory cells in the immune system?

They provide a quicker response to previously encountered antigens. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a passive immunity approach?

Gaining antibodies from another immune individual. Signup and view all the answers

How does the body respond after being exposed to the same pathogen multiple times?

It triggers a stronger and faster defensive reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of the Immunology 2 module?

To apply principles from various sciences to dental therapy and hygiene Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of immunity discussed in the Immunology 2 module?

Artificial immunity Signup and view all the answers

What does passive immunity primarily involve?

Transfer of antibodies from another source Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes natural active immunity?

Antibodies developed in response to infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following resources is NOT recommended for consolidating learning in Immunology 2?

A textbook on dental anatomy Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of immunity discussed in Immunology 2?

Antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of artificial passive immunity?

Blood transfusion containing antibodies Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of immunology is emphasized in the self-assessment quiz?

Antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Immunology 2

Tutor: Ms P Lazarou
Module: Biomedical Sciences
Learning Outcomes (GDC 1.1): Apply dental therapy and hygiene principles derived from biomedical, behavioral, and material sciences. Develop knowledge in immunology.

Assessment

Formative: Quiz
Summative: Questions integrated into the Biomedical Sciences assessment.

Immunology 2 Tasks

Task 1: Read and complete a task based on the article "Antibody-mediated vs cell-mediate immunity" (pages 5-8). Authors: Warrington, Watson, Kim, Romana, and Antonetti.
Task 2: Complete a self-assessment quiz on antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity.

Intended Learning Outcomes

Review antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity using appropriate resources and a self-assessment quiz.
Define and recognize the differences between antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity.
Recognize and explain passive and active immunization.

Antibody-mediated and Cell-mediated Immunity

Consolidation: Learning reinforced via YouTube videos.
YouTube Resources:
- The Cellular Immune Response: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUpcRfpEh3c
- Antigen Processing and Presentation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bgd1qxQ0Dh4&feature=emb_logo

Humoral vs Cellular Immunity (Diagram)

Humoral immunity focuses on extracellular microbes (e.g., bacteria). B lymphocytes produce secreted antibodies. Mechanisms include neutralization, lysis, and phagocytosis.
Cellular immunity targets intracellular microbes (e.g., viruses). Antigen-presenting cells activate helper T cells to proliferate and activate effector cells (macrophages & cytotoxic T cells) leading to lysis (destruction) of infected cells.

Passive and Active Immunity

Passive Immunity: Antibodies transferred from an immune person to a non-immune person.
- Natural Passive: e.g., mother's antibodies through placenta/breast milk
- Artificial Passive: e.g., snake antitoxin, immunoglobulin transplant.
Active Immunity: Antibodies developed in response to infection or vaccination.
- Natural Active: Antibodies develop after infection.
- Artificial Active: Antibodies develop after vaccination.

Immunisation

Artificial Active Immunity: Antibodies develop after vaccine administration.
Mechanism: Immunological memory. Weakened/killed microorganism exposure induces a specific immune reaction. Subsequent infections trigger a faster and stronger immune response. Antibodies attach to specific antigen surface structures activating the complement system (See immunology 1).

How Vaccines Work

A small amount of a harmless form of a disease is introduced to the body.
The body produces antibodies to combat this harmless form of the disease.
Repeated exposure (the disease) triggers the same antibody response (and immunological memory) thereby preventing the disease.

References

Article: Warrington, R., Watson, W., Kim, H., Romana, F., & Antonetti, F. An introduction to immunology and immunopathology. (Pages 5-8)
General Immunology Text: McMahon, R., & Sloan, P. Essentials of Pathology for Dentistry. London: Harcourt Publishers, 2000.
Allergy: https://www.immunology.org/public-information/bitesized-immunology/immune-dysfunction/allergy
Additional Sources: Listed in the reference slide.

Studying That Suits You

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Description

Test your understanding of antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity in this quiz. Based on the article by Warrington et al., this assessment will help you define, recognize, and explain key concepts of immunology. Enhance your biomedical sciences knowledge and prepare for your summative assessment.