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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of antibodies developed in response to a vaccination?
What is the primary purpose of antibodies developed in response to a vaccination?
What describes the mechanism of artificial active immunity?
What describes the mechanism of artificial active immunity?
What occurs after an initial vaccination when re-exposed to the same pathogen?
What occurs after an initial vaccination when re-exposed to the same pathogen?
Which description best fits the short-duration immunity provided by antibodies transferred from an immune person?
Which description best fits the short-duration immunity provided by antibodies transferred from an immune person?
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How does the immune system respond to a specific pathogen after vaccination?
How does the immune system respond to a specific pathogen after vaccination?
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What does the activation of the complement system by antibodies achieve?
What does the activation of the complement system by antibodies achieve?
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Which situation illustrates the use of snake antitoxin?
Which situation illustrates the use of snake antitoxin?
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What is a characteristic of primary immune response compared to secondary immune response?
What is a characteristic of primary immune response compared to secondary immune response?
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What is the primary goal of the Immunology 2 module?
What is the primary goal of the Immunology 2 module?
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Which type of immunity is characterized by direct transfer of antibodies from mother to child?
Which type of immunity is characterized by direct transfer of antibodies from mother to child?
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What distinguishes active immunity from passive immunity?
What distinguishes active immunity from passive immunity?
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Which of the following statements about antibody-mediated immunity is correct?
Which of the following statements about antibody-mediated immunity is correct?
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What type of passive immunity is provided through medical interventions?
What type of passive immunity is provided through medical interventions?
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Which of the following is a key intended learning outcome of Immunology 2?
Which of the following is a key intended learning outcome of Immunology 2?
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What resources are suggested for reviewing immune responses as part of this course?
What resources are suggested for reviewing immune responses as part of this course?
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Which type of immunity occurs when vaccinations are administered?
Which type of immunity occurs when vaccinations are administered?
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Study Notes
Immunology 2 Module
- Module is part of Biomedical Sciences
- Tutor is Ms P Lazarou
- Subject is focused on applying biomedical, behavioural, and material science principles to dental therapy and hygiene practices
- Aims to develop knowledge and understanding of immunology
- Learning outcomes include reviewing antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity, defining differences between the two types, and understanding passive and active immunization
Assessment
- Formative assessment includes a quiz
- Summative assessment involves questions integrated into the Biomedical Sciences eAssessment
Immunology 2: Tasks
- Task 1: Read and complete a task on an article about antibody-mediated vs cell-mediated immunity (pages 5-8)
- Task 2: Complete a self-assessment quiz on antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity
Intended Learning Outcomes
- Review antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity by using resources and completing a self-assessment quiz
- Define and understand variances between antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity
- Recognise and explain passive and active immunizations
Antibody-mediated and Cell-mediated Immunity - Consolidation
- The Cellular Immune Response (YouTube link included)
- Antigen Processing and Presentation (YouTube link included)
Humoral vs Cellular Immunity
- Diagrams showing differences in processes (Humoral and Cellular Immunity)
- Humoral: extracellular microbes, B-lymphocytes, antibody secretion (neutralization, lysis(complement), phagocytosis)
- Cellular: intracellular microbes, antigen presenting cell, helper T cells, T cell receptor, proliferation of effectors cells, lysis of infected cells
Passive and Active Immunity
- Natural passive immunity: mother's antibodies via placenta/breast milk
- Artificial passive immunity: transfer of antibodies (e.g., snake antitoxin, immunoglobulin)
- Natural active immunity: antibodies developed in response to infections
- Artificial active immunity: antibodies developed through vaccinations
- Transfer of antibodies/sensitized cells from immune person to non-immune person; Short duration of protection; Risk of loss of immunity
- Used when risk of infection is high/patient cannot generate their own immunity
Immunisation
- Artificial Active Immunity: antibodies developed after immunization/vaccine administration
- Immunological memory: a specific immune reaction induced against a weakened/killed microorganism; subsequent infections trigger a stronger and faster immune response via antibodies and/or cells; antibodies attach to antigens activating complement system
How Vaccines Work
- Small amount of harmless form of a disease is introduced
- Body produces antibodies to fight the introduced harmless form
- If the real disease is encountered, the body already has the antibodies and is immune
- YouTube link included
References
- An introduction to immunology and immunopathology (article)
- Essentials of Pathology for Dentistry (book)
- Allergy related information (website link)
- Report on autoimmune awareness/Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (website links)
- Immunology website references on Immunodeficiency and related topics
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