24 Questions
What are the boundaries of the neck above and anteriorly?
Base of the skull posteriorly and mandible anteriorly
What is the role of the neck in supporting the body?
Supporting the weight of the head
Which cranial nerves are involved in the innervation of the neck and face?
VII-XII
What are the three compartments of the neck?
Visceral, vertebral, and vascular
What is the function of the deep group of muscles innervated by the cervical plexus?
Muscle movement of the neck and respiratory system
What is the origin of the Platysma muscle?
Mandible and deltoid
Which of the following muscles is not innervated by the ansa cervicalis?
Hypoglossal
What is the action of the Trapezius muscle?
Moves the scapula when the spine is fixed
What is the main route of lymphatic drainage in the neck?
Jugular trunk
What is the insertion of the SCM muscle?
Mastoid of the temporal bone
Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the upper limb?
Brachial plexus
What is the function of the SCM muscle?
Rotates the skull and facilitates lateral flexion
What are the contents of the carotid sheath?
Jugular vein, carotid artery, and vagus nerve
Which of the following is not a target of the superficial group of the cervical plexus?
Thyroid gland
What is the innervation of the Platysma muscle?
By the facial nerve
What is the function of the cervical plexus?
Innervation of the neck and respiratory system
Which nerve is responsible for the trapezius and SCM?
Accessory nerve
What is the boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck?
Inferior margin of the mandible
What is found in the posterior triangle of the neck?
All of the above
What is the boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck?
Middle third of the clavicle
What is the function of the cervical plexus?
Branching into superficial branches
What is found in the anterior triangle of the neck?
External jugular vein
What is the relationship between the SCM and the trapezius?
They are innervated by the accessory nerve
What is the boundary of the anterior margin of the SCM?
Anterior margin of the SCM
Study Notes
Gastrointestinal System and Neck Anatomy
- The thyroid and parathyroid glands are part of the gastrointestinal system
Innervation of the Neck
- The neck and face are innervated by cranial nerves VII-XII and cervical spinal nerves
- The cervical plexus is formed by nerve roots C1-C4, with deep and superficial groups
- The deep group innervates muscles, while the superficial group innervates cutaneous regions of the neck
Cervical Plexus
- Formed by nerve roots C1-C4
- Deep group: phrenic nerve, ansa cervicalis, geniohyoid, thyrohyoid, and hypoglossal
- Superficial group: lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, and supraclavicular nerves
Ansa Cervicalis
- Innervates omohyoid, sternothyroid, and sternohyoid muscles
Carotid Sheath Contents
- Jugular vein
- Carotid artery
- Vagus nerve
Lymphatic Drainage of the Neck
- Via deep cervical lymph nodes, leading to the jugular trunk
Neck Boundaries
- Above: base of the skull posteriorly and mandible anteriorly
- Below: clavicles and top of the sternum
- Functions as a communication pathway between the head and body, and supports the weight of the head
Compartments of the Neck
- Visceral
- Vertebral
- Two vascular compartments
Muscles of the Neck
- Platysma
- Origin: mandible and deltoid
- Insertion: clavicles
- Action: tensions the skin, depresses the mandible, and aids in facial expressions
- Trapezius
- Origin: occipital protuberance and spinous processes
- Insertion: lateral third of the clavicle and spine of the scapula
- Action: moves the scapula when the spine is fixed, and vice versa
- SCM (Sternocleidomastoid)
- Origin: sternum and clavicles
- Insertion: mastoid process (temporal bone)
- Action: skull rotation and lateral flexion
Innervation of Neck Muscles
- Platysma: facial nerve
- Trapezius and SCM: accessory nerve
Triangles of the Neck
- Anterior Triangle
- Boundaries: medial vertical line of the neck, inferior margin of the mandible, and anterior margin of the SCM
- Contents: accessory nerve, 4 superficial branches of the cervical plexus, and external jugular vein
- Posterior Triangle
- Boundaries: middle third of the clavicle, anterior margin of the trapezius, and posterior margin of the SCM
- Contents: muscles attached to the hyoid bone, carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, and elements of the respiratory and digestive systems
This quiz covers the gastro-intestinal system, thyroid and parathyroid glands, and other human body systems. Test your knowledge of these important systems and their functions.
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