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Human Body Systems
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Human Body Systems

Created by
@AchievableYew

Questions and Answers

What are the boundaries of the neck above and anteriorly?

  • Base of the skull anteriorly and mandible posteriorly
  • Base of the skull posteriorly and mandible anteriorly (correct)
  • Top of the sternum and base of the skull
  • Clavicles and top of the sternum

    • What is the role of the neck in supporting the body?

  • Supporting the weight of the body
  • Supporting the weight of the head (correct)
  • Moving the scapula
  • Facilitating facial expressions

    • Which cranial nerves are involved in the innervation of the neck and face?

  • I-VI
  • VII-XII (correct)
  • III-VI
  • IX-XII

    • What are the three compartments of the neck?

    <p>Visceral, vertebral, and vascular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the deep group of muscles innervated by the cervical plexus?

    <p>Muscle movement of the neck and respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the Platysma muscle?

    <p>Mandible and deltoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is not innervated by the ansa cervicalis?

    <p>Hypoglossal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the Trapezius muscle?

    <p>Moves the scapula when the spine is fixed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main route of lymphatic drainage in the neck?

    <p>Jugular trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion of the SCM muscle?

    <p>Mastoid of the temporal bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the upper limb?

    <p>Brachial plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the SCM muscle?

    <p>Rotates the skull and facilitates lateral flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the contents of the carotid sheath?

    <p>Jugular vein, carotid artery, and vagus nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a target of the superficial group of the cervical plexus?

    <p>Thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the innervation of the Platysma muscle?

    <p>By the facial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cervical plexus?

    <p>Innervation of the neck and respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the trapezius and SCM?

    <p>Accessory nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck?

    <p>Inferior margin of the mandible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is found in the posterior triangle of the neck?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck?

    <p>Middle third of the clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cervical plexus?

    <p>Branching into superficial branches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is found in the anterior triangle of the neck?

    <p>External jugular vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the SCM and the trapezius?

    <p>They are innervated by the accessory nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary of the anterior margin of the SCM?

    <p>Anterior margin of the SCM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gastrointestinal System and Neck Anatomy

    • The thyroid and parathyroid glands are part of the gastrointestinal system

    Innervation of the Neck

    • The neck and face are innervated by cranial nerves VII-XII and cervical spinal nerves
    • The cervical plexus is formed by nerve roots C1-C4, with deep and superficial groups
    • The deep group innervates muscles, while the superficial group innervates cutaneous regions of the neck

    Cervical Plexus

    • Formed by nerve roots C1-C4
    • Deep group: phrenic nerve, ansa cervicalis, geniohyoid, thyrohyoid, and hypoglossal
    • Superficial group: lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, and supraclavicular nerves

    Ansa Cervicalis

    • Innervates omohyoid, sternothyroid, and sternohyoid muscles

    Carotid Sheath Contents

    • Jugular vein
    • Carotid artery
    • Vagus nerve

    Lymphatic Drainage of the Neck

    • Via deep cervical lymph nodes, leading to the jugular trunk

    Neck Boundaries

    • Above: base of the skull posteriorly and mandible anteriorly
    • Below: clavicles and top of the sternum
    • Functions as a communication pathway between the head and body, and supports the weight of the head

    Compartments of the Neck

    • Visceral
    • Vertebral
    • Two vascular compartments

    Muscles of the Neck

    • Platysma
      • Origin: mandible and deltoid
      • Insertion: clavicles
      • Action: tensions the skin, depresses the mandible, and aids in facial expressions
    • Trapezius
      • Origin: occipital protuberance and spinous processes
      • Insertion: lateral third of the clavicle and spine of the scapula
      • Action: moves the scapula when the spine is fixed, and vice versa
    • SCM (Sternocleidomastoid)
      • Origin: sternum and clavicles
      • Insertion: mastoid process (temporal bone)
      • Action: skull rotation and lateral flexion

    Innervation of Neck Muscles

    • Platysma: facial nerve
    • Trapezius and SCM: accessory nerve

    Triangles of the Neck

    • Anterior Triangle
      • Boundaries: medial vertical line of the neck, inferior margin of the mandible, and anterior margin of the SCM
      • Contents: accessory nerve, 4 superficial branches of the cervical plexus, and external jugular vein
    • Posterior Triangle
      • Boundaries: middle third of the clavicle, anterior margin of the trapezius, and posterior margin of the SCM
      • Contents: muscles attached to the hyoid bone, carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, and elements of the respiratory and digestive systems

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    Description

    This quiz covers the gastro-intestinal system, thyroid and parathyroid glands, and other human body systems. Test your knowledge of these important systems and their functions.

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