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Questions and Answers
What did Dr. Jamie Gillooly emphasize about evolution?
What did Dr. Jamie Gillooly emphasize about evolution?
What is the foundation of all biology according to the text?
What is the foundation of all biology according to the text?
What does biological (or organic) evolution refer to according to Charles Darwin?
What does biological (or organic) evolution refer to according to Charles Darwin?
What is the etymological meaning of the word 'evolution'?
What is the etymological meaning of the word 'evolution'?
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What types of evolution are mentioned as interrelated in the text?
What types of evolution are mentioned as interrelated in the text?
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What is the focus of Dr. Jamie Gillooly's work?
What is the focus of Dr. Jamie Gillooly's work?
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What did Gregor Mendel's theory of heredity identify?
What did Gregor Mendel's theory of heredity identify?
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What is the basis of heredity according to the molecular era?
What is the basis of heredity according to the molecular era?
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What does the term 'Neo-Darwinism' incorporate into Darwin's theory of evolution?
What does the term 'Neo-Darwinism' incorporate into Darwin's theory of evolution?
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According to Dr. Gillooly, what determines what traits are adaptive?
According to Dr. Gillooly, what determines what traits are adaptive?
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What did Lamarck's theory of acquired characteristics propose?
What did Lamarck's theory of acquired characteristics propose?
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What did the 'modern synthesis' (Neo-Darwinism) add to Darwin's theory of evolution?
What did the 'modern synthesis' (Neo-Darwinism) add to Darwin's theory of evolution?
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What did Theodosius Dobzhansky emphasize the importance of?
What did Theodosius Dobzhansky emphasize the importance of?
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Which mechanism is NOT mentioned as a mechanism of evolution?
Which mechanism is NOT mentioned as a mechanism of evolution?
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What does evolution help in understanding and predicting the effects of?
What does evolution help in understanding and predicting the effects of?
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What does the selection act on, leading to genetic changes in a population?
What does the selection act on, leading to genetic changes in a population?
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What does evolutionary theory encompass?
What does evolutionary theory encompass?
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What does studying evolution help in understanding?
What does studying evolution help in understanding?
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What was the title of Wallace's essay?
What was the title of Wallace's essay?
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What did Darwin conclude about the 13 finch species in the Galapagos Islands?
What did Darwin conclude about the 13 finch species in the Galapagos Islands?
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What was Darwin's initial career pursuit?
What was Darwin's initial career pursuit?
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What did Darwin enjoy tasting during his expedition?
What did Darwin enjoy tasting during his expedition?
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What is the definition of organic (or biological) evolution?
What is the definition of organic (or biological) evolution?
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What did Darwin's theory of natural selection reject?
What did Darwin's theory of natural selection reject?
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Who developed a theory of evolutionary adaptation by studying Galapagos finches?
Who developed a theory of evolutionary adaptation by studying Galapagos finches?
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In which year did Charles Darwin publish his book 'The Origin of Species'?
In which year did Charles Darwin publish his book 'The Origin of Species'?
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Who co-published a theory of natural selection with Charles Darwin in 1858?
Who co-published a theory of natural selection with Charles Darwin in 1858?
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Which historical figure believed in a divine order and rejected evolution?
Which historical figure believed in a divine order and rejected evolution?
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What type of evidence supporting evolution includes similarities and differences between body plans and body parts of different animal groups?
What type of evidence supporting evolution includes similarities and differences between body plans and body parts of different animal groups?
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What did the theory of natural selection precede?
What did the theory of natural selection precede?
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Descent with modification refers to the evolution of living things from pre-existing life forms according to Charles Darwin.
Descent with modification refers to the evolution of living things from pre-existing life forms according to Charles Darwin.
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Acquired characteristics cannot be passed on to future generations according to Lamarck's theory.
Acquired characteristics cannot be passed on to future generations according to Lamarck's theory.
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The modern synthesis, or Neo-Darwinism, added population genetics and mathematical models of evolution to Darwin's theory.
The modern synthesis, or Neo-Darwinism, added population genetics and mathematical models of evolution to Darwin's theory.
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The molecular era began in the mid-1990s and focused on the discovery of DNA as the basis of heredity.
The molecular era began in the mid-1990s and focused on the discovery of DNA as the basis of heredity.
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Populations, not individuals, evolve over multiple generations according to the theory of evolution.
Populations, not individuals, evolve over multiple generations according to the theory of evolution.
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Dr. Gillooly emphasized that natural selection acts on individuals, while evolution acts on populations.
Dr. Gillooly emphasized that natural selection acts on individuals, while evolution acts on populations.
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Gregor Mendel developed his theory of heredity in the 1860s and identified discrete, heritable factors called genes.
Gregor Mendel developed his theory of heredity in the 1860s and identified discrete, heritable factors called genes.
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The environment determines what traits are adaptive, and environments change over time according to the text.
The environment determines what traits are adaptive, and environments change over time according to the text.
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The era of genomics, which began in the 1990s, consists of the mapping of genomes, the rapid sequencing of genes, and the creation of molecular phylogenies.
The era of genomics, which began in the 1990s, consists of the mapping of genomes, the rapid sequencing of genes, and the creation of molecular phylogenies.
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Darwin's theory of natural selection rejected the idea of a divine order and instead proposed the idea of descent with modification.
Darwin's theory of natural selection rejected the idea of a divine order and instead proposed the idea of descent with modification.
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According to Charles Darwin, biological (or organic) evolution refers to 'the descent of modern organisms with modification from pre-existing life forms,' which we sometimes shorten to '_______ with modification'
According to Charles Darwin, biological (or organic) evolution refers to 'the descent of modern organisms with modification from pre-existing life forms,' which we sometimes shorten to '_______ with modification'
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Dr. Gillooly pointed out that Darwin was mocked and ridiculed for his beliefs. When he died, he had no idea that he would be widely regarded in a largely positive light as the 'Father of _______'
Dr. Gillooly pointed out that Darwin was mocked and ridiculed for his beliefs. When he died, he had no idea that he would be widely regarded in a largely positive light as the 'Father of _______'
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Neo-Darwinism is an updated version of Darwin’s theory of evolution which incorporates both natural selection and also the role of _______ in evolution
Neo-Darwinism is an updated version of Darwin’s theory of evolution which incorporates both natural selection and also the role of _______ in evolution
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According to Charles Darwin, biological (or organic) evolution (the evolution of living things) refers to 'descent with _____________.
According to Charles Darwin, biological (or organic) evolution (the evolution of living things) refers to 'descent with _____________.
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Study Notes
The Theory of Evolution and its Historical Background
- In science, the word "theory" refers to a large body of work that underlies the basic understanding of a scientific phenomenon, such as the theory of evolution.
- The theory of evolution refers to the totality of our understanding about the mechanisms of evolution and has been thoroughly tested and widely accepted as valid.
- Historically, ancient Greeks, including Aristotle, and Judeo-Christians believed that species were fixed and did not change, while Carolus Linnaeus believed in a divine order and rejected evolution.
- The theory of natural selection was preceded by mounting evidence supporting evolution and refuting the traditional viewpoint that species were fixed and did not evolve.
- Evidence supporting evolution includes biogeography, comparative morphology, and geological discoveries.
- Biogeography evidence includes the discovery of species with similar forms in different regions and the development of similar traits in organisms due to similar environmental pressures (convergent evolution).
- Comparative morphology evidence includes similarities and differences between body plans and body parts of different animal groups, such as homologous structures and vestigial features.
- Geological discoveries, such as fossil layers and gradual geological changes proposed by James Hutton and Charles Lyell, also pointed toward a relationship between different animals.
- Charles Darwin developed a theory of evolutionary adaptation by studying Galapagos finches and correlating variations in traits with environmental challenges.
- In the 1830s and 1840s, Darwin developed a theory of natural selection, which he co-published with Alfred R. Wallace in 1858.
- The breakthrough that changed the world came in 1859, when Darwin published his book "The Origin of Species," which introduced the theory of evolution to the public.
- Alfred R. Wallace independently developed a similar theory of natural selection and co-published it with Darwin in 1858.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the theory of evolution and its historical background with this quiz. Explore the key concepts, historical figures, and evidence supporting evolution, including biogeography, comparative morphology, and geological discoveries. Learn about the contributions of Charles Darwin and Alfred R. Wallace to the development of the theory of natural selection and the groundbreaking impact of Darwin's book "The Origin of Species."
