Ethical Guidelines in Psychological Research: Nuremberg Code
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Questions and Answers

What ethical standards are emphasized in the Nuremberg Code?

  • Avoiding unnecessary harm and ensuring benefits outweigh risks (correct)
  • Freedom from coercion and confidentiality of participant data
  • Voluntary participation and contribution to scientific knowledge
  • Informed consent and deception reduction
  • What was the main focus of Milgram's Obedience Study?

  • The importance of informed consent in psychological research
  • The necessity of deception in psychological experiments
  • The effects of increasing electric shocks on memory retention
  • The impact of an authority figure on participants' behavior (correct)
  • Which ethical guideline is unique to the APA standards compared to the Nuremberg Code?

  • Freedom from coercion
  • Reducing harm due to deception (correct)
  • Ensuring benefits outweigh risks
  • Avoiding unnecessary harm
  • What did the Nuremberg Code stress regarding participants' rights?

    <p>Their right to discontinue participation in the study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Nuremberg Code, what should researchers do if unforeseen harm occurs to participants?

    <p>Terminate the study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Milgram's Obedience Study reveal about the influence of authority figures?

    <p>They greatly influence people's behavior even to the point of causing harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the criticisms of Zimbardo's Prison Experiment regarding the participants?

    <p>The participants were subjected to extreme stress and psychological harm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did critics of Milgram's study argue in terms of ethical considerations?

    <p>Participants experienced long-term harm due to the study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ultimately led to Zimbardo stopping the Prison Experiment earlier than planned?

    <p>The guards became excessively cruel, causing harm to the prisoners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Milgram's study, what action was criticized for being unclear in terms of participant consent?

    <p>Asking participants to continue every time they protested.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the ways in which Zimbardo ensured realistic conditions in his Prison Experiment?

    <p>Publicly arresting 'prisoners' before placing them in the prison.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical guideline did Zimbardo follow when he stopped his experiment early?

    <p>Avoiding further harm to the participants during the study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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