Essential Nutrients: Micronutrients - Minerals Lecture
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a biological function of calcium?

  • Development of bones and teeth
  • Maintenance of normal blood sugar levels (correct)
  • Activation of cellular enzymes
  • Regulation of nerve transmission

What is the recommended daily intake of calcium for adult men and women?

  • 600 mg/day
  • 800 mg/day (correct)
  • 1.5 g/day
  • 1.2 g/day

What promotes calcium uptake by intestinal cells?

  • Lactose (correct)
  • Vitamin D
  • Calcitriol
  • Parathyroid hormone

What is the primary location of calcium storage in the body?

<p>Bones and teeth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of parathyroid hormone in calcium absorption?

<p>Enhances calcium absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a good source of calcium?

<p>Fish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal concentration of plasma or serum calcium?

<p>9-11 mg/dl (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of serum calcium is bound to proteins?

<p>40% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional form of calcium in the blood?

<p>Ionized form (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sodium in the body?

<p>Maintaining osmotic pressure and fluid balance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high dietary phosphate on calcium absorption?

<p>It forms insoluble calcium phosphate and prevents calcium uptake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of Hypomagnesaemia?

<p>Abnormal eye movements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of alkaline conditions on calcium absorption?

<p>It is unfavorable for calcium absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormones regulate plasma calcium levels?

<p>Calcitriol, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcitonin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cause of Hyponatremia?

<p>Chronic kidney disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of Hypernatremia?

<p>Increased blood volume and blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cause of Hypomagnesaemia?

<p>Rapid re-feeding after prolonged starvation/malnutrition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of magnesium in the body?

<p>Maintaining nerve conduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of minerals in the human body?

<p>To perform vital functions essential for the existence of the organism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the minerals classified as, based on their daily requirement?

<p>Macrominerals and microminerals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between macrominerals and microminerals?

<p>Their daily requirement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of understanding the changing needs for minerals across the life span?

<p>To understand the role of minerals in chronic illnesses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a vital function of minerals?

<p>Blood coagulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of mineral deficiency diseases?

<p>Development of chronic illnesses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of potassium in maintaining intracellular osmotic pressure?

<p>Regulating the amount of water in the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of hypokalemia?

<p>Cardiac arrest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can cause hyperkalemia?

<p>Renal failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of potassium in nerve function?

<p>Transmission of nerve impulse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of inadequate intracellular potassium concentration?

<p>Impaired biosynthesis of proteins by ribosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of serum potassium concentration?

<p>A narrow range of concentrations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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