6 Questions
Which of the following vitamins is classified as a fat-soluble vitamin?
Vitamin D
Which of the following micronutrients is involved in energy production and metabolism?
Vitamin B
Which of the following is a deficiency disease caused by a lack of Vitamin D?
Rickets
Which of the following is a mineral that plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and nerve function?
Potassium
Which of the following food sources is rich in Vitamin C?
Fruits
Which of the following micronutrients is involved in antioxidant functions?
Vitamin E
Study Notes
Micronutrients
Micronutrients are essential nutrients required by the body in small quantities for various physiological functions.
Classification
- Vitamins: Organic compounds required in small amounts for various bodily functions.
- Fat-soluble vitamins: A, D, E, and K.
- Water-soluble vitamins: B vitamins and C.
- Minerals: Inorganic elements required for various bodily functions.
- Macro-minerals: Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chloride.
- Micro-minerals (trace elements): Iron, zinc, iodine, selenium, copper, manganese, fluoride, and molybdenum.
Functions
- Vitamins:
- Energy production and metabolism.
- Antioxidant functions.
- Immune system function.
- Blood clotting.
- Bone health.
- Minerals:
- Building and maintaining strong bones and teeth.
- Maintaining fluid balance and nerve function.
- Supporting immune function.
- Antioxidant functions.
- Enzyme function and activation.
Deficiency Diseases
- Vitamin deficiencies:
- Scurvy (Vitamin C).
- Rickets (Vitamin D).
- Beriberi (Thiamine).
- Mineral deficiencies:
- Anemia (Iron).
- Goiter (Iodine).
- Osteoporosis (Calcium and Vitamin D).
Food Sources
- Vitamins:
- Animal sources: meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy products.
- Plant sources: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.
- Minerals:
- Animal sources: meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy products.
- Plant sources: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts.
Micronutrients
- Micronutrients are essential nutrients required by the body in small quantities for various physiological functions.
Classification
- Vitamins are organic compounds required in small amounts for various bodily functions, and can be classified into two categories:
- Fat-soluble vitamins: A, D, E, and K.
- Water-soluble vitamins: B vitamins and C.
- Minerals are inorganic elements required for various bodily functions, and can be classified into two categories:
- Macro-minerals: Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chloride.
- Micro-minerals (trace elements): Iron, zinc, iodine, selenium, copper, manganese, fluoride, and molybdenum.
Functions
Vitamins
- Essential for energy production and metabolism.
- Perform antioxidant functions.
- Involved in immune system function.
- Necessary for blood clotting.
- Important for bone health.
Minerals
- Crucial for building and maintaining strong bones and teeth.
- Necessary for maintaining fluid balance and nerve function.
- Support immune function.
- Perform antioxidant functions.
- Essential for enzyme function and activation.
Deficiency Diseases
- Vitamin deficiencies can lead to:
- Scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency).
- Rickets (Vitamin D deficiency).
- Beriberi (Thiamine deficiency).
- Mineral deficiencies can lead to:
- Anemia (Iron deficiency).
- Goiter (Iodine deficiency).
- Osteoporosis (Calcium and Vitamin D deficiency).
Food Sources
- Vitamins can be obtained from:
- Animal sources: meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy products.
- Plant sources: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.
- Minerals can be obtained from:
- Animal sources: meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy products.
- Plant sources: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts.
Learn about the essential micronutrients required by the body in small quantities for various physiological functions, including vitamins and minerals.
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