Nutrition Micronutrients Quiz

Physical and Mental Health

• Physical health involves growth and development, bones and muscles, energy, healthy weight management, immune, digestive, reproductive, and respiratory systems, and cancer and diseases.
• Mental health involves growth and development, bones and muscles, energy, healthy weight management, immune, digestive, reproductive, and respiratory systems, brain function or intellect, mood, depression, and anxiety, and stress management.

Social Health

• Social health involves growth and development, bones and muscles, energy, healthy weight management, immune, digestive, reproductive, and respiratory systems, brain function or intellect, interaction, connection, and inclusivity within communities, mood, depression, and anxiety, and stress management.

Nutrients in Food

• Carbohydrates provide fuel for the body in the form of glucose and can be simple or complex.
• Simple carbohydrates contain natural sugars and refined sugars and are broken down quickly by the body.
• Complex carbohydrates include starches and fibers and are harder for the body to break down.
• Fats are made up of compounds called fatty acids or lipids and help with moving and storing energy, absorbing vitamins, and making hormones.
• Protein can be found in both plant and animal-based foods and is made up of many building blocks called amino acids.
• There are essential and non-essential amino acids, with essential amino acids unable to be produced by the body.

Vitamins and Minerals

• There are water-soluble vitamins (vitamin C and vitamin B) and fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, and K).
• Microminerals include chromium, cobalt, copper, fluorine, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, and zinc.
• Macrominerals include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfur.

Good Nutrition and Malnutrition

• Good nutrition involves maintaining a balanced diet that provides enough nutrients like calories, proteins, and vitamins.
• Malnutrition occurs when there is an excess or reduced absorption of macro and/or micronutrients.

Food Classification

• Go foods are rich in carbohydrates and provide energy for daily activities (e.g., whole grains, fruits, and vegetables).
• Grow foods are rich in proteins and are essential for growth and repair of tissues (e.g., eggs, fish, and meats).
• Glow foods are rich in vitamins and minerals and support overall health (e.g., fruits, nuts, and dairy products).

Water and Nutrition

• Water is the most important nutrient as it carries nutrients to the cells in the body.

Basic Tools in Nutrition

• Food guides like the Food Pyramid explain nutritional requirements and emphasize the importance of consuming a variety of foods in appropriate serving sizes daily.
• The Food Pyramid is a visual aid that guides individuals in selecting food and beverages from various shelves to maintain a balanced and healthy diet.
• Dietary standards are compilations of nutrient requirements or allowances in specific quantities and are tentative and may be changed as new research findings emerge.