Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development

Study Notes

Stage 1: Trust vs Mistrust

Occurs from birth to 18 months.
Infants rely on primary caregivers for stability and care.
Consistent caregiving fosters a sense of trust and security in relationships.

Stage 2: Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

Takes place between 18 months and 3 years.
Children assert their independence through mobility and making choices.
Parents should encourage exploration to foster autonomy; failure to do so may lead to shame and doubt.

Stage 3: Initiative vs Guilt

Ages 3 to 5 involve self-assertion and interaction with peers.
Play is key for developing interpersonal skills and initiating activities.
Positive reinforcement leads to a sense of initiative; harsh criticism can result in guilt and self-doubt.

Stage 4: Industry vs Inferiority

Occurs between 5 and 12 years.
Children learn essential academic skills and seek approval from peers and teachers.
Encouragement leads to a sense of competence and pride; lack of support may cause feelings of inferiority.

Stage 5: Identity vs Role Confusion

Takes place during adolescence (12 to 18 years).
Individuals explore personal values, beliefs, and identity.
Successful navigation leads to a strong sense of self, while confusion may result in uncertainty about social roles.

Stage 6: Intimacy vs Isolation

In young adulthood (ages 18 to 40), individuals seek intimate relationships.
Formation of significant bonds leads to feelings of love and commitment.
Fear of commitment can result in isolation and loneliness.

Stage 7: Generativity vs Stagnation

Occurs during middle adulthood (ages 40 to 65).
Focus on career, family, and community involvement to create a sense of purpose.
Failure to contribute leads to stagnation and feelings of unproductiveness.

Stage 8: Ego Integrity vs Despair

Takes place in late adulthood (65+ years).
Reflection on life achievements and legacy occurs during retirement.
Successful review leads to integrity and contentment; feelings of guilt and unfulfillment can result in despair.

Description

Explore Erikson's first stage of psychosocial development, Trust vs. Mistrust. This quiz focuses on the significance of early caregiver relationships and their impact on infant trust. Gain insights into how these early experiences shape future relationships.