45 Questions
Which gland is responsible for controlling the rate of metabolism?
Thyroid gland
What is the main function of the parathyroid gland?
Controlling phosphorus and calcium metabolism
What is the function of the pharynx?
Conducting air into the larynx and trachea
Which of the following organs is NOT affected by thyroid hormones?
Spleen
What is the function of the esophagus?
Propelling food into the stomach
What is the main function of the respiratory layer?
Breathing and producing voice
What is the function of calcitonin?
Regulating calcium metabolism
What is the largest endocrine gland in the body?
Thyroid gland
What is the function of the pharyngeal constrictors?
Directing food to the esophagus
What vein accompanies the superior thyroid arteries?
Superior Thyroid Vein
Where do the lymphatic vessels that run into the interlobular connective tissues usually communicate with?
Capsular network of lymphatic vessels
What is the name of the lymph nodes that drain the lateral portion of the thyroid gland?
Delphian Lymph Nodes
Where do the pretracheal and paratracheal lymph nodes drain into?
Inferior deep and cervical lymph nodes
What is the path of the Inferior Thyroid Vein?
Drains into the brachiocephalic vein
What is the name of the lymph nodes that drain to the superior cervical lymph nodes?
Prelaryngeal lymph nodes
Where do some lymphatic vessels drain into?
Both A and B
What is the location of the parathyroid gland?
Externally to the thyroid capsule on the medial half of each lobe
What is the direction of the lymph nodes indicated by the arrows on Figure 12?
Not specified
What is the percentage of individuals in which the Thyroidea Ima Artery is present?
10%
From which artery does the Thyroidea Ima Artery commonly arise?
Brachiocephalic trunk
What is the location of the Thyroidea Ima Artery as it ascends?
Anterior surface of the trachea
What is the most common source of bleeding during thyroidectomy?
Thyroidea Ima Artery
What is the result of bifurcation on the tip of the thyroglossal duct?
Formation of the isthmus and lateral lobes of the thyroid gland
During which week does the thyroid gland reach its final position in relation to the larynx and trachea?
Week 7
What is the first branch of the external carotid artery?
Superior Thyroid Artery
What accompanies the Superior Thyroid Artery?
External laryngeal nerve
What is the main area of the thyroid gland supplied by the Superior Thyroid Artery?
Antero-superior aspect
What type of muscle makes up the pharyngeal muscular layer?
Voluntary muscle
What is the function of the Pharyngobasilar Fascia?
It provides a strong internal fascial lining to the pharyngeal constrictors
Which nerve innervates all pharyngeal muscles except the Stylopharyngeus muscle?
Pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve
What is the main function of the Buccopharyngeal Fascia?
It is a thin external fascia lining all pharyngeal muscles except the Stylopharyngeus muscle
How many pharyngeal constrictor muscles are there in the external circular layer?
Three
What is the origin of the Tonsillar Artery?
Facial artery
Through which muscle does the Tonsillar Artery pass?
Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor
What is the destination of the Tonsillar Artery?
The inferior pole of the palatine tonsil
What other arteries supply the palatine tonsil?
The Ascending palatine artery, Lingual artery, Descending palatine artery, and Ascending pharyngeal artery
What is the primary function of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?
To move the laryngeal components, altering the length and tension of the vocal folds
Which nerve is responsible for innervating the cricothyroid muscle?
External laryngeal nerve
What is the primary function of the adductor muscles of the larynx?
To close the glottis
Which artery supplies the internal surface of the larynx?
Superior laryngeal artery
What is the primary function of the tensor muscles of the larynx?
To tense the vocal folds
Into which vein does the superior laryngeal vein drain?
Internal jugular vein
Which lymph nodes drain the lymphatic vessels superior to the vocal folds?
Superior deep cervical lymph nodes
Which nerve is responsible for innervating the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except for the cricothyroid muscle?
Inferior laryngeal nerve
Into which vein does the inferior laryngeal vein drain?
Left brachiocephalic vein
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