Dysmenorrhea Overview and Treatment
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of Primary Dysmenorrhea?

  • Does not respond to NSAIDs
  • Onset with beginning of menses and lasts 2-3 days (correct)
  • Is irregular and may include intermenstrual bleeding
  • Occurs at least 2 years after the first period
  • Which of the following treatments is considered the best choice for Primary Dysmenorrhea?

  • Aspirin
  • Diuretics
  • Acetaminophen
  • NSAIDs (correct)
  • What is a typical symptom of Secondary Dysmenorrhea?

  • Fatigue
  • Headache
  • Intermenstrual bleeding (correct)
  • Regular menstrual cycles
  • What defines Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder?

    <p>5 or more symptoms, including mood symptoms, resolving after the period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a positive symptom of Premenstrual Syndrome?

    <p>Feeling stressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Pyridoxine play in the treatment of premenstrual symptoms?

    <p>It is a dietary supplement for mood regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of diuretics in the context of premenstrual symptoms?

    <p>To reduce bloating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding the symptoms of Secondary Dysmenorrhea?

    <p>They may vary but can include pelvic tenderness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What timeframe is typical for the onset of Primary Dysmenorrhea after the first menstrual period?

    <p>6-12 months to several years afterwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly differentiates between Primary and Secondary Dysmenorrhea?

    <p>Secondary Dysmenorrhea typically arises at least 2 years after the first period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a noted effect of NSAIDs on Primary Dysmenorrhea?

    <p>They provide relief from symptoms for 2-3 days.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment specifically recommended for bloating during premenstrual symptoms?

    <p>Diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Premenstrual Exacerbation?

    <p>No symptom-free interval occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with Premenstrual Syndrome?

    <p>Dysmenorrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do symptoms of Secondary Dysmenorrhea typically differ from Primary Dysmenorrhea?

    <p>They are more likely to be irregular and can include intermenstrual bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common positive symptom observed during Premenstrual Syndrome?

    <p>Increased libido</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following OTC treatments is advised for alleviating pain associated with premenstrual symptoms?

    <p>NSAIDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is characteristic of bacterial vaginosis?

    <p>Yellow/green discharge with a fishy odor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which OTC treatment is used specifically for yeast infections?

    <p>Clotrimazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of atrophic vaginitis?

    <p>Thinning and dryness of the vaginal walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical treatment for bacterial vaginosis?

    <p>Over-the-counter antifungals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For trichomoniasis, which symptom is commonly observed?

    <p>Yellow/green discharge with a foul odor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary active ingredient in Vagisil?

    <p>Benzocaine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which OTC option is recommended for vulvovaginal candidiasis?

    <p>Miconazole Nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which home treatment is effective for non-C. Albicans infections?

    <p>Boric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason vaginal antifungals are recommended to be used at night?

    <p>So they remain in place while lying down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dysmenorrhea

    • Primary Dysmenorrhea:

      • Occurs 6-12 months after first period, but often years later
      • Regular menstrual cycles with normal blood loss
      • Onset with menstruation, lasting 2-3 days
      • Responds to NSAIDs
      • Other symptoms: headache, fatigue, nausea, appetite changes, backache, dizziness
    • Treatment for Primary Dysmenorrhea (OTC):

      • Aspirin, acetaminophen, and NSAIDs (best choice)
      • NSAIDs: Ibuprofen (200-400 mg every 4-6 hours), Naproxen (220-440 mg initially, then 220 mg every 8-12 hours)
      • Aspirin: 650-1000 mg every 4-6 hours
      • Acetaminophen: 650-1000 mg every 4-6 hours
      • Selenium
    • Secondary Dysmenorrhea:

      • Occurs at least 2 years after first period, typically mid-to-late 20s or later
      • Irregular cycles with intermenstrual bleeding
      • Pattern and duration vary
      • Can occur before, during, or after menses
      • NSAIDs are often not sufficient
      • Other symptoms include dyspareunia or pelvic tenderness

    Exclusions for Self-Treatment

    • Severe dysmenorrhea and/or menorrhagia
    • Symptoms inconsistent with primary dysmenorrhea (e.g., unusual age at onset, pain at times other than menses)
    • History of PID, infertility, irregular cycles, endometriosis, or ovarian cysts
    • Use of intrauterine device (IUD)
    • Aspirin or NSAID allergy/intolerance
    • Use of warfarin, heparin, or lithium
    • Active GI disease (PUD, GERD, ulcerative colitis)
    • Bleeding disorder

    Treatment Options

    • Nonpharmacologic:
      • Sleep, hot baths, exercise
      • Discontinue tobacco use

    OTC Drug Therapy with NSAIDs

    • Initiate at onset of menses or symptoms
    • Continue for several days
    • Scheduled doses

    Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

    • At least one mood or physical symptom during 5 days prior to menses
    • Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): 5+ symptoms, one being mood, and mood symptoms gone a week after period
    • Premenstrual exacerbation: worsening of psychotic symptoms (e.g., IBS, asthma) that worsen premenstrually

    Premenstrual Symptoms

    • Negative symptoms: fatigue, lack of energy, irritability, anger, mood swings, depression, anxiety, stress, crying, oversensitivity, difficulty concentrating, abdominal bloating, edema, breast tenderness, appetite changes, headaches, hypersomnia, insomnia, joint/muscle pain
    • Positive symptoms: increased energy, work efficiency, increased libido, affection, sense of control, self-assurance

    OTC Medications for PMS

    • Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

    • Calcium and Vitamin D

    • Magnesium

    • NSAIDs (for pain)

    • Diuretics (for bloating)

    • Combination therapy is a common treatment approach

    Additional Notes

    • Self-treat with care
      • Do not self-treat with NSAIDs if there are contraindications
      • Do not give NSAIDs if there is a sensitivity or allergy.
    • Consult physician
      • Re-evaluate if symptoms persist, worsen, or if response to therapy changes
      • Refer to a healthcare professional if symptoms are worse or response to treatment is inadequate.
    • Patient education
      • Lifestyle modifications are helpful.

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    Related Documents

    Vaginal Disorders Chapter 8 PDF

    Description

    Explore the types of dysmenorrhea, including primary and secondary forms, and their distinct characteristics. Learn about the symptoms, onset, and recommended over-the-counter treatments for managing pain. This quiz provides valuable insights into menstrual health and management.

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