Chlor-Alkali Process: Sodium Hydroxide Production

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Questions and Answers

What happens when electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride?

Sodium hydroxide decomposes to form sodium chloride, chlorine gas, and hydrogen gas.

Chlorine gas and hydrogen gas decompose to form sodium hydroxide.

Sodium hydroxide decomposes to form chlorine gas and hydrogen gas.

Sodium chloride decomposes to form sodium hydroxide, chlorine gas, and hydrogen gas. (correct)

Which products are formed in the chlor-alkali process?

Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas

Hydrogen gas and sodium chloride

Chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide (correct)

Sodium chloride and chlorine gas

Where is chlorine gas given off in the chlor-alkali process?

Near the sodium hydroxide solution

At the anode (correct)

At the cathode

In the aqueous solution of sodium chloride

What is formed near the cathode in the chlor-alkali process?

Sodium hydroxide solution Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the chlor-alkali process?

To manufacture bleaching powder for textile and paper industries Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the anode in the chlor-alkali process?

It gives off chlorine gas Signup and view all the answers

How is bleaching powder produced in the chlor-alkali process?

By the action of chlorine on dry slaked lime Signup and view all the answers

What is the actual composition of bleaching powder represented as CaOCl2?

A complex composition Signup and view all the answers

In which industry is bleaching powder NOT commonly used?

Food industry as a preservative Signup and view all the answers

What role does the cathode play in the chlor-alkali process?

It forms sodium hydroxide solution Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main products of the chlor-alkali process?

Sodium hydroxide, chlorine gas, hydrogen gas Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical name of the compound sometimes used for faster cooking?

Sodium hydrogencarbonate Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of baking powder used in baking?

Sodium hydrogencarbonate and ammonium tartaric acid Signup and view all the answers

What role does sodium hydrogencarbonate play in antacids?

It helps in neutralizing excess acid in the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What happens when baking powder is mixed in water or heated?

It produces carbon dioxide gas Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using sodium hydrogencarbonate in soda-acid fire extinguishers?

To release carbon dioxide to extinguish the fire Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical equation for the formation of sodium hydroxide during the chlor-alkali process?

2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + Cl2 (g) + H2 (g) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of bleaching powder produced from the chlor-alkali process?

To make drinking water free from germs and as an oxidizing agent in many chemical industries Signup and view all the answers

Which gas is given off at the cathode during the chlor-alkali process?

Hydrogen gas Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical formula of bleaching powder as represented in the text?

CaOCl2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the common use of baking soda mentioned in the text?

To make tasty crispy pakoras Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chlor-Alkali Process Overview

Passing electricity through an aqueous sodium chloride solution results in electrolysis, producing key chemical products.
The primary products of the chlor-alkali process include chlorine gas, sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen gas.

Products of the Process

Chlorine gas is released at the anode during the electrolysis.
Sodium hydroxide is formed near the cathode.
The chlor-alkali process aims to manufacture chlorine and sodium hydroxide, which are vital in various industries.

Roles of Electrodes

The anode facilitates the oxidation reaction, resulting in chlorine gas production.
The cathode enables the reduction reaction, yielding sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

Bleaching Powder Production

Bleaching powder is synthesized by reacting chlorine gas with dry slaked lime, generating the compound Ca(OCl)2.
The chemical formula for bleaching powder is represented as CaOCl2.

Uses of Bleaching Powder

Bleaching powder is extensively used in water treatment and in the textile industry, but it is not commonly utilized in the food industry.

Sodium Bicarbonate and Baking Powder

Baking powder typically consists of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and an acid component, usually cream of tartar or calcium acid phosphate.
Sodium hydrogencarbonate acts as an antacid, neutralizing stomach acid effectively.

Reactions Involving Baking Powder

Upon mixing baking powder with water or heating, carbon dioxide gas is released, causing dough to rise during baking.

Fire Extinguishers and Sodium Bicarbonate

In soda-acid fire extinguishers, sodium bicarbonate reacts with sulfuric acid to produce carbon dioxide, helping extinguish fires by reducing oxygen.

Chemical Reactions

The chemical equation for the formation of sodium hydroxide during the chlor-alkali process can be summarized as follows:
- 2 NaCl + 2 H2O → Cl2 + H2 + 2 NaOH.

Common Uses

Sodium bicarbonate is commonly used as a leavening agent in baking and for its effectiveness in neutralizing acids.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the chlor-alkali process, which involves passing electricity through brine to produce sodium hydroxide, chlorine gas, and hydrogen gas. Learn about the reactions and products of this important industrial process.