Chapter 54 Neurological Disorders Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Why is immediate hospitalization necessary for a patient with suspected Guillain-Barré syndrome?

Decrease in the level of consciousness is imminent

Loss of neurons leads to decreased oxygen use

Reduction of cerebral blood flow would cause immediate symptoms

The disease can rapidly progress into respiratory failure (correct)

After a spinal cord injury at C5, what activity can the nurse expect the patient to do independently?

Walk unaided across the room

Care for personal hygiene without assistance

Perform strenuous physical activities

Feed self with setup and adaptive equipment (correct)

What is the term for the deep sleep a patient experiences after a tonic-clonic seizure?

Comatose state

Catatonic state

Postictal state (correct)

Syncopal state

Which of the following best describes the common characteristic of Guillain-Barré syndrome?

Symmetrical paralysis that progresses from the legs upward Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial nursing intervention for a patient before a medical test?

Obtain an allergy history before the test Signup and view all the answers

After a fall, which position is most appropriate for a patient showing decreased consciousness?

Neck placed in neutral position Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing intervention is most helpful for a patient with left-sided weakness who has difficulty swallowing thin liquids?

Tuck chin when swallowing Signup and view all the answers

When a nurse asks, 'Who is the president of the United States?' during a consciousness assessment, what aspect is being evaluated?

Knowledge Signup and view all the answers

In assessing a patient using the FOUR coma scale, which categories are the results reported in?

Eye response, brain stem reflexes, motor response, and respiration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the response pattern assessed when a patient has a slower reaction to stimuli?

Slow and unintelligible responses Signup and view all the answers

What is the first sign of Bell's Palsy?

Inability to wrinkle forehead and pucker lips on affected side Signup and view all the answers

What is the first autonomic event following a stressful or frightening event?

Heart rate pressure rise, secretion of adrenaline Signup and view all the answers

What action should a nurse take when caring for a child recently diagnosed with bacterial meningitis?

Place the child in respiratory isolation Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of Alzheimer's disease is a patient likely to demonstrate difficulty swallowing?

Late Signup and view all the answers

What could be a consequence of hypotension?

Memory loss that disrupts daily life Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms indicates a postictal period?

Fatigue and confusion Signup and view all the answers

Which of these conditions may result from marinated foods?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What do surgical navigational systems assist with?

Precision in surgical procedures Signup and view all the answers

What condition is possibly temporary and may resolve after a spinal cord injury?

Flaccid paralysis Signup and view all the answers

Which question would best encourage a patient to describe their neurologic sensations?

Can you describe the sensation you are having? Signup and view all the answers

To provide the best visual field for a patient with right hemiplegia, how should the nurse approach the patient?

From the left side Signup and view all the answers

What neurological symptom involves the inability to wrinkle the forehead and pucker lips on one side?

Bells palsy Signup and view all the answers

What might a patient with a spinal cord injury at T1 report alongside stiffness and a headache?

Flushing of the neck and goose flesh Signup and view all the answers

What crucial observation should a nurse monitor in a patient with neurological issues?

Respiratory rate and oxygen saturation Signup and view all the answers

Following a stroke, which statement represents a potential outcome for an 83-year-old patient?

Increased risk of future strokes Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause for hypotension in patients with severe neurological damage?

Altered vascular responses Signup and view all the answers

What does an inability to speak but the ability to understand indicate in a neurological assessment?

Broca's aphasia Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical progression of symptoms in a patient showing signs of increasing intracranial pressure?

Gradual decrease in conscious awareness Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Neurological Disorders Overview

Guillain-Barré syndrome requires immediate hospitalization due to the potential rapid progression to respiratory failure.
Aging effects on the nervous system do not typically involve significant change in consciousness but may show widening pulse rate and increased systolic blood pressure.
Spinal cord injury at C5 allows a patient to feed themselves using adaptive equipment, emphasizing the importance of assisting with preparation.

Seizures and Postictal States

Following a tonic-clonic seizure, patients may enter a postictal period, characterized by deep sleep and confusion.
Bell's Palsy first manifests as the inability to wrinkle the forehead or pucker lips on the affected side.

Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system maintains homeostasis; an immediate response to stress is a rise in heart rate and secretion of adrenaline.

Bacterial Meningitis

In children diagnosed with bacterial meningitis, isolation is critical to prevent spread and ensure proper management.

Stroke Stages and Symptoms

In late-stage Alzheimer's, swallowing difficulties indicate advanced progression of the disease.
Right hemiplegia post-stroke in a right-handed patient requires communication strategies from the left side to optimize visual field awareness.

Spinal Cord Injury Management

Flaccid paralysis may be temporary after spinal cord injury, requiring monitoring and support.
Initial nursing interventions for autonomic dysreflexia include sitting the patient upright and checking blood pressure due to potential worsening symptoms.

Assessment Techniques

Effective patient interviews about neurological issues should begin with open-ended questions, e.g., "Can you describe the sensation you are having?"
The FOUR coma scale assesses consciousness based on eye response, brain stem reflexes, motor response, and respiration, resulting in individual scores for thorough evaluation.

Aphasia and Communication

Expressive aphasia presents as the inability to verbally express thoughts despite understanding spoken words.

Parkinson's Disease Interventions

To enhance mobility in Parkinson's patients, instruct them to walk with hands behind their back to aid in balance.

Diagnostic Procedures

An allergy history is essential prior to any diagnostic procedures such as pyelograms to prevent adverse reactions.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the care of patients with neurological disorders in this Chapter 54 quiz. With 20 multiple choice questions, you'll explore topics like Guillain-Barré syndrome and other neurological conditions. Prepare to reinforce your understanding and enhance your clinical skills.