30 Questions
What is the primary function of the alimentary canal?
Digestion and absorption of nutrients
What is the main function of the accessory digestive organs?
To produce secretions that aid in digestion and absorption
What is the primary function of mastication in the mouth?
Mechanical digestion of food
What is the primary function of serous cells in salivary glands?
Producing watery secretions containing enzymes
What is the term for the process of breaking down complex food molecules into chemical building blocks by enzymes?
Chemical digestion
What is the term for the process of forming a ball-like shape of food in the mouth?
Bolus formation
What is the primary mechanism of propulsion of food down the esophagus?
Involuntary peristaltic contractions of the esophagus
What is the term for the temporary storage tank where chemical digestion of proteins begins?
Stomach
What is the name of the rounded mass of food that is formed in the mouth?
Bolus
Which phase of gastric secretion is primarily controlled by the sight and smell of food?
Cephalic phase
What is the primary function of the lower esophageal sphincter?
To regulate the entry of food into the stomach
What is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on gastric secretion?
It increases secretory activity
Which of the following receptors relay information to the hypothalamus during the cephalic phase?
Olfactory receptors and taste buds
What is the primary function of gastrin in the stomach?
To stimulate the contraction of stomach and intestinal muscles
What is the purpose of the enterogastric reflex in the intestinal phase?
To limit the release of chyme from the stomach into the duodenum
What is the pH range of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
pH 1.5-3.5
What is the function of segmentation in the small intestine?
To facilitate rhythmic local contractions
What is the primary factor that affects the rate of gastric emptying?
Stretch and chemical signals in the duodenum
What is the approximate length of the jejunum in the small intestine?
8.2 ft
What is the primary function of the bile produced by the liver?
Emulsifies fats
Which type of cell in the small intestine epithelium is responsible for producing mucus?
Goblet cells
What is the name of the duct that carries bile from the gallbladder to the common bile duct?
Cystic duct
Which hormone is produced by enteroendocrine cells in the small intestine and stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder?
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
What is the term for the process of breaking down nutrients into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body?
Digestion
What is the primary function of bile salts?
To emulsify fats and facilitate fat and cholesterol absorption
What is the primary function of the pancreatic juice released by the pancreas?
To neutralize the acidic chyme and break down all categories of foodstuff
What is the main function of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas?
To release hormones that regulate blood sugar levels
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
To absorb most of the remaining water from indigestible food residue
What is the main function of the cecum in the large intestine?
To produce vitamin K and B vitamins
What triggers the defecation reflex?
The stretching of the rectal wall
Explore the anatomy and functions of the digestive system, including the alimentary canal, accessory organs, and their roles in breaking down food into absorbable nutrients. Learn about the peritoneum and its relation to the digestive system. Test your knowledge with this quiz!
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
