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Digestive System Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter in the digestive system?

To control the exit of food from the stomach
To control the entrance of food into the stomach (correct)
To absorb nutrients from food
To mix food with digestive enzymes

What is the longest part of the digestive system?

Stomach
Esophagus
Large intestine
Small intestine (correct)

What is the functional unit of absorption of food in the small intestine?

Mucosa
Microvilli
Fingerlike projections
Villi (correct)

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

To absorb water from undigested food (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which feces are carried to the rectum?

Peristalsis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final point of exit for waste products in the digestive system?

Anus (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the esophagus?

To pass food from the pharynx to the stomach (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

To mix with food and aid in the chemical digestive process (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract?

Peristalsis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where is the stomach located in the body?

Upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rugae in the stomach?

To contain gastric glands that secrete gastric juice and HCl (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pepsinogen in the stomach?

To break down proteins into amino acids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?

Absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the digestive tract contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves?

Submucosa (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the body eliminates waste products from the digestive system?

Excretion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the salivary glands in the digestive system?

Secretion of saliva into the oral cavity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the digestive tract composed of?

Connective tissue (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which food molecules are broken down into smaller parts that can be absorbed by the body?

Digestion (D) Signup and view all the answers

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