Biosynthesis of Triacylglycerol and Phospholipid

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What is the precursor of the glycerolipids found in cell membranes and the blood lipoproteins?

Triacylglycerols

Glycerol 3-P

Phosphatidic acid (correct)

Acyl-CoA

Which enzyme is responsible for converting phosphatidic acid to 1,2-diacyl glycerol?

Acyl-CoA synthetase

Glycerol-3-P-acyltransferase

Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (correct)

1-acyl glycerol-3-P-acyl transferase

What is the source of glycerol in the liver for triacylglycerol synthesis?

Acyl-CoA synthetase

Phosphorylation of glycerol by glycerol kinase (correct)

The reduction of glycolysis

Glycolysis

What is the role of acyl-CoA synthetase in triacylglycerol synthesis?

To activate fatty acids by forming acyl-CoA Signup and view all the answers

Where does the synthesis of triacylglycerols occur?

Both in the liver and adipose tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the intermediate formed in the first stage of phosphatidic acid synthesis?

Lysophosphatidic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the substrate required for the synthesis of phosphatidyl inositol?

1,2-diacyl glycerol-phosphate Signup and view all the answers

What is the product formed by the reaction of CTP with phosphatidate?

CDP-diacyl glycerol Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of phosphatidyl-inositol, 4,5 - biphosphate breakdown?

Diacyl glycerol Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical structure of cardiolipin?

Di-phosphatidyl glycerol Signup and view all the answers

What is the substrate required for the synthesis of cardiolipin?

α-Glycero-P Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of certain protein hormones in the breakdown of phosphatidyl-inositol, 4,5 - biphosphate?

Increase Ca++ inside the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme that catalyses the formation of triacylglycerol from diacyl glycerol and acyl-CoA?

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase Signup and view all the answers

What is the reactant that forms phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine when reacting with ATP?

Choline or ethanolamine Signup and view all the answers

What is the product formed when CDP-choline reacts with 1, 2-diacyl glycerol?

Phosphatidyl choline Signup and view all the answers

What is the nitrogenous base that is transferred to 1, 2-diacyl glycerol to form phosphatidyl serine?

Serine Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecule that donates the ~CH3 group in the alternative pathway of phosphatidyl choline synthesis?

S-adenosylmethionine Signup and view all the answers

What is the product formed when phosphatidyl ethanolamine reacts with serine?

Phosphatidyl serine Signup and view all the answers