17 Questions
What is the immediate substrate for fatty acid biosynthesis?
Acetyl-CoA
Which of the following is NOT a cofactor required for fatty acid biosynthesis?
FADH2
Where is nearly all of the Acetyl CoA used in fatty acid synthesis formed?
Mitochondria
How is Acetyl CoA transported out of the mitochondria for fatty acid synthesis?
As citrate
Which tissue contains an extra-mitochondrial system for synthesizing fatty acids?
Liver
What substance is used to source CO2 in the biosynthesis of fatty acids?
HCO3–
What is the role of citrate in fatty acid biosynthesis?
Facilitates the conversion of an inactive enzyme to an active form
How does an increase in mitochondrial acetyl-CoA and ATP affect citrate's movement?
Promotes the transport of citrate out of mitochondria
Which molecule inhibits the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase in fatty acid biosynthesis?
Malonyl Co A
What triggers the transition of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase from an active conformation to an inactive form?
Increased levels of Acetyl-CoA
In fatty acid biosynthesis, what is the function of palmitoyl Co A?
Halts the production of acetyl-CoA
What is the consequence of citrate converting the enzyme into an active polymeric form?
Synthesis of new fatty acids
What is the fate of oxaloacetate in the process of citrate cleavage?
Channeled towards glucose production
Which enzyme converts malate to pyruvate in the context of fatty acid synthesis?
Malic enzyme
What is the chief source of hydrogen required for reductive synthesis of fatty acids?
Oxidative reactions in the pentose phosphate pathway
Where does pyruvate and malate pass through in the mitochondrial system?
Inner mitochondrial membrane
What is the function of NADPH in fatty acid synthesis?
Donor of reducing equivalents
Explore the correlation between the biosynthesis of fatty acids and triacylglycerol with insulin-dependent utilization of glucose. Learn about the extra-mitochondrial system involved in fatty acid synthesis, tissues where this system is present, substrate and end product, as well as cofactor requirements.
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