Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerol with Insulin-Dependent Glucose Utilization
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Questions and Answers

What is the immediate substrate for fatty acid biosynthesis?

  • Acetyl-CoA (correct)
  • Citrate
  • NADPH
  • Pyruvate
  • Which of the following is NOT a cofactor required for fatty acid biosynthesis?

  • Mn2+
  • FADH2 (correct)
  • HCO3–
  • ATP
  • Where is nearly all of the Acetyl CoA used in fatty acid synthesis formed?

  • Cytosol
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Lysosomes
  • Mitochondria (correct)
  • How is Acetyl CoA transported out of the mitochondria for fatty acid synthesis?

    <p>As citrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue contains an extra-mitochondrial system for synthesizing fatty acids?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is used to source CO2 in the biosynthesis of fatty acids?

    <p>HCO3–</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of citrate in fatty acid biosynthesis?

    <p>Facilitates the conversion of an inactive enzyme to an active form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in mitochondrial acetyl-CoA and ATP affect citrate's movement?

    <p>Promotes the transport of citrate out of mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule inhibits the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase in fatty acid biosynthesis?

    <p>Malonyl Co A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the transition of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase from an active conformation to an inactive form?

    <p>Increased levels of Acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In fatty acid biosynthesis, what is the function of palmitoyl Co A?

    <p>Halts the production of acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of citrate converting the enzyme into an active polymeric form?

    <p>Synthesis of new fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of oxaloacetate in the process of citrate cleavage?

    <p>Channeled towards glucose production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme converts malate to pyruvate in the context of fatty acid synthesis?

    <p>Malic enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chief source of hydrogen required for reductive synthesis of fatty acids?

    <p>Oxidative reactions in the pentose phosphate pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does pyruvate and malate pass through in the mitochondrial system?

    <p>Inner mitochondrial membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of NADPH in fatty acid synthesis?

    <p>Donor of reducing equivalents</p> Signup and view all the answers

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