Biology Chapter on Cell Structure and Function
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following molecules can easily pass through a cell membrane?

  • Water (correct)
  • Proteins
  • Carbohydrates
  • DNA

    • What is a major function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

  • Transporting materials within the cell (correct)
  • Storing genetic information
  • Producing energy for the cell
  • Digesting waste products

    • Which of these is NOT a reason for cell division?

  • To produce offspring
  • To maintain homeostasis
  • To increase cell size (correct)
  • To replace damaged cells

    • What is a key difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

    <p>Sexual reproduction involves the combination of genetic material from two parents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these organelles would you expect to find in an animal cell but NOT in a plant cell?

    <p>Cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

    <p>Sexual reproduction produces offspring with genetic variation, while asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a similarity between osmosis and diffusion?

    <p>Both processes require a cell membrane to occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the process of cytokinesis?

    <p>The cell divides into two separate daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of sexual reproduction?

    <p>It increases genetic variation in the offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of diffusion in a cell?

    <p>Moving chemicals in and out of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage where the cell performs its normal functions and copies its genetic material in preparation for cell division?

    <p>Interphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the cell cycle divides the cytoplasm to form two identical cells?

    <p>Cytokinesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a benign tumor?

    <p>It does not affect surrounding tissue other than by physically crowding them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mitochondria?

    <p>Producing energy through cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of mitosis involves the cell beginning to pinch together along its center?

    <p>Anaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the digestive system does the majority of nutrient absorption occur?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT involved in breaking down food in the digestive system?

    <p>Muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of saliva in the mouth?

    <p>Softening food and aiding digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the large intestine?

    <p>Absorbing water and forming waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of acid in the stomach?

    <p>Breaking down proteins and killing bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a main organ in the Nervous System?

    <p>Spinal Cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ system works with the circulatory system to process oxygen and carbon dioxide?

    <p>Respiratory System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue type in plants is responsible for transporting water and nutrients?

    <p>Vascular Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a function of the circulatory system?

    <p>Producing hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a main organ of the Nervous System?

    <p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the simplest unit that can carry out all life processes?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is specific to eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Presence of membrane-bound organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of plant cells?

    <p>Presence of a cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly compares plant and animal cells?

    <p>Animal cells lack chloroplasts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about prokaryotic cells?

    <p>They lack membrane-bound organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What protein is responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells?

    <p>Hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue is responsible for holding bones and muscles together?

    <p>Connective Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of white blood cells?

    <p>Fighting infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an undifferentiated cell that can divide to form specialized cells called?

    <p>Stem cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

    <p>Muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

    <p>Absorbing excess water and excreting waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzymes in the digestive system?

    <p>To speed up digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ produces enzymes that aid in digestion?

    <p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the small intestine in digestion?

    <p>Nutrient absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the rectum play in the digestive process?

    <p>Storing waste prior to excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the epiglottis in the respiratory system?

    <p>It closes the trachea during swallowing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major risk associated with organ transplantation?

    <p>Rejection of the organ.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit of organ transplantation?

    <p>It saves lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes a disadvantage of organ transplantation?

    <p>It can harm the donors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason some criticize organ transplantation?

    <p>It is always successful.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of xylem in plants?

    <p>To move water and minerals from the roots to the stems and leaves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do guard cells function in gas exchange?

    <p>They open and close the stomata to regulate gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What direction do the arrows in the xylem diagram indicate?

    <p>Upward movement of water and minerals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT a product of the photosynthesis reaction?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main roles of phloem in plants?

    <p>Moving sugars to different parts of the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

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