75 Questions
Which organelle is responsible for making proteins?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is the function of centrioles?
Organizing chromosomes during cell division
Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
Mitochondria
What is the function of proteins in the body?
Structural support
What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?
To speed up chemical reactions
What is a mutation?
A variation in the gene
What is the function of the cell cycle?
Life cycle of the cell
Which part of the cell cycle is responsible for doubling the number of chromosomes?
Interphase
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Produces ribosomes
Which phase of mitosis involves the separation of chromosomes?
Anaphase
What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
Digests waste products
What is the function of centrioles during cell division?
Organizes chromosomes
Which type of tissue is most affected by cancer cells?
Epithelial tissue
What is the function of flagella in cells?
Allows cell movement
Which is the primary function of the cell membrane?
To allow some things through but not others
What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
To strengthen the cell membrane
What is the role of protein channels in the cell membrane?
To allow some things through but not others
What is the main function of transporters in the cell membrane?
To transport glucose across the cell membrane
What is the role of receptors in the cell membrane?
To change the function of the cell
What is the function of cell identity markers in the cell membrane?
To identify cells belonging to self
What is cytoplasm?
The gel-like fluid inside the cell
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and attach to the spindle fibers?
Metaphase
What is the purpose of meiosis?
To produce sex cells
What happens during anaphase of mitosis?
The doubled chromosomes separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell
What is the function of the nucleolus?
To produce ribosomes
What is the composition of DNA + Protein?
Chromosomes
What is the purpose of interphase in the cell cycle?
To prepare for mitosis
What is the main difference between meiosis and mitosis?
Meiosis produces sex cells, while mitosis produces two identical daughter cells
What is the acronym used to remember the phases of mitosis?
PMAT
Which type of tissue is most affected by cancer cells?
Epithelial tissue
What is the purpose of the nucleolus in a cell?
To produce ribosomes
What is the role of centrioles during cell division?
To organize the chromosomes
Which phase of mitosis involves the separation of chromosomes?
Anaphase
What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
To break down waste products
Which type of tissue is most affected by cancer cells?
Epithelial tissue
What is the function of proteins in the body?
Structural support, enzymatic activity, and transportation
What is the composition of DNA + Protein?
Chromosomes
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
Synthesis of lipids and steroids
What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
Breakdown of waste products
What is the function of cilia in the human body?
Sweeping things across the cell membrane
What is the function of flagella in cells?
Movement of cells
What is the function of mitochondria in a cell?
Cellular respiration
What is the function of proteins in the body?
Structural support
What is a mutation?
A variation in the gene resulting in a different protein
Which phase of mitosis involves the separation of chromosomes?
Anaphase
What is the composition of DNA + Protein?
Chromosomes
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Produces ribosomes
What is the purpose of interphase in the cell cycle?
To perform cell functions
Which type of tissue is most affected by cancer cells?
Epithelial tissue
What is the function of the cell cycle?
To perform cell functions
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and attach to the spindle fibers?
Metaphase
What is the acronym used to remember the phases of mitosis?
PMAT
Which part of the cell cycle is responsible for doubling the number of chromosomes?
Interphase
Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?
Producing new cells
What is the primary function of the cytoplasm?
To provide a gel-like fluid inside the cell
What is the main function of protein channels in the cell membrane?
To allow some things in and out of the cell
What is the role of receptors in the cell membrane?
To change the function of the cell
What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
To strengthen the cell membrane
What is the primary function of transporters in the cell membrane?
To transport glucose across the cell membrane
What is the primary function of cell identity markers in the cell membrane?
To identify cells belonging to self
What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell?
To break down waste material
What is the function of cilia in the human body?
To sweep things across the cell membrane
What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?
To act as catalysts and speed up chemical reactions
Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for protein synthesis and respiration?
Interphase
What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
To break down waste products
Which type of tissue is most affected by cancer cells?
Epithelial tissue
Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?
Calcium
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
To allow selective permeability
What is the role of receptors in the cell membrane?
To change the function of the cell when attached to
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and attach to the spindle fibers?
Metaphase
What is the purpose of interphase in the cell cycle?
To prepare the cell for mitosis
What is the main difference between meiosis and mitosis?
Meiosis produces sex cells, while mitosis produces two identical daughter cells
Which type of tissue is most affected by cancer cells?
Epithelial tissue
What is the function of centrioles during cell division?
To form spindle fibers
What is the composition of DNA + Protein?
Chromosomes
Study Notes
Functions and Structures of the Cell
- The cell is the basic unit of life, varying in size, shape, and function.
- The cell membrane, made of phospholipids, surrounds and shapes the cell, acting as a boundary.
- The cell membrane is semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass through while preventing others.
- The cell membrane contains proteins such as channels, transporters, receptors, and markers.
- The cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid inside the cell containing organelles, proteins, lipids, carbs, and electrolytes.
- Organelles are structures in the cell that perform specific functions, such as the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, centrioles, cilia, flagella, and mitochondria.
- The nucleus is the command center of the cell, containing chromosomes made of DNA and proteins.
- Endoplasmic reticulum serves as a transportation system for materials in the cell, with smooth and rough types.
- Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes and clean up the cell by breaking down waste.
- Centrioles organize chromosomes during cell division.
- Cilia sweep across the cell membrane, moving mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory tract.
- Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration, converting glucose and oxygen into ATP energy and carbon dioxide.
Test your knowledge on the cell cycle and cell division with this quiz! Learn about the different phases of the cell cycle, including interphase and mitosis. Explore the concepts of protein synthesis and respiration during interphase, as well as the doubling of chromosomes in preparation for mitosis. Discover the two types of cell division: meiosis and mitosis.
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