Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which condition is least likely to produce transudative effusion?
Which condition is least likely to produce transudative effusion?
What is the primary factor that determines the PAH test results?
What is the primary factor that determines the PAH test results?
What is a likely result of refrigerating a urine specimen?
What is a likely result of refrigerating a urine specimen?
The specific gravity of glomerular ultrafiltrate is closest to which value?
The specific gravity of glomerular ultrafiltrate is closest to which value?
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What is NOT a reason for analyzing amniotic fluid?
What is NOT a reason for analyzing amniotic fluid?
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If the initial portion of a semen sample is missed during collection, which change is expected in the analysis?
If the initial portion of a semen sample is missed during collection, which change is expected in the analysis?
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What does a positive test for bilirubin in urine indicate?
What does a positive test for bilirubin in urine indicate?
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What term describes proteinuria that is not detected by routine strips?
What term describes proteinuria that is not detected by routine strips?
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Which test is most frequently used for diagnosing phenylketonuria (PKU)?
Which test is most frequently used for diagnosing phenylketonuria (PKU)?
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What is the appropriate temperature range for a urine specimen used in drug testing?
What is the appropriate temperature range for a urine specimen used in drug testing?
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Which urinary sediment component exhibits Maltese cross formation when using polarized light microscopy?
Which urinary sediment component exhibits Maltese cross formation when using polarized light microscopy?
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What should be used to dilute synovial fluid with a high cell count?
What should be used to dilute synovial fluid with a high cell count?
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Which statement about oligoclonal bands is true in the context of multiple sclerosis diagnosis?
Which statement about oligoclonal bands is true in the context of multiple sclerosis diagnosis?
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Which laboratory observation is least useful for differentiating a hemorrhagic serous fluid from a traumatic tap?
Which laboratory observation is least useful for differentiating a hemorrhagic serous fluid from a traumatic tap?
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Which reagent strip reaction can be inhibited by a large urinary concentration of ascorbic acid?
Which reagent strip reaction can be inhibited by a large urinary concentration of ascorbic acid?
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Which of the following parasites is most frequently encountered as a contaminant in urine?
Which of the following parasites is most frequently encountered as a contaminant in urine?
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What laboratory finding in peritoneal fluid is particularly indicative of intestinal perforation?
What laboratory finding in peritoneal fluid is particularly indicative of intestinal perforation?
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What is the traditional urine test specifically for differentiating between urobilinogen and porphobilinogen?
What is the traditional urine test specifically for differentiating between urobilinogen and porphobilinogen?
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In which descending order are the epithelial cells located in the urinary tract?
In which descending order are the epithelial cells located in the urinary tract?
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A ΔA450 value in amniotic fluid falling into zone I indicates what kind of finding?
A ΔA450 value in amniotic fluid falling into zone I indicates what kind of finding?
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In semen analysis, which parameter is most closely associated with prostatic cancer when decreased?
In semen analysis, which parameter is most closely associated with prostatic cancer when decreased?
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What is the ideal urine specimen time frame for testing urobilinogen?
What is the ideal urine specimen time frame for testing urobilinogen?
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How is differentiation of synovial fluid crystals achieved?
How is differentiation of synovial fluid crystals achieved?
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Which test is used to evaluate the tubular secretion function of the kidneys?
Which test is used to evaluate the tubular secretion function of the kidneys?
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Study Notes
AUBF-MTAP 2024 Study Notes
- Transudative Effusion: Conditions excluding cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, congestive heart failure, and pleural infection can cause transudative effusion.
- PAH Test: Dependent on Glomerular filtration and Tubular reabsorption.
- Urine Preservation: Refrigeration can cause cellular/bacterial glycolysis, destruction of formed elements, and precipitation of amorphous crystals but doesn't affect bacteria.
- Glomerular Ultrafiltrate Specific Gravity: 1.010
- Amniotic Fluid Analysis: Used to diagnose genetic disorders, assess fetal maturity (liver and lung). and fetal distress from hemolytic disease.
- Semen Analysis: Defective collection procedures result in decreased pH, decreased sperm count, and increased sperm viscosity, as opposed to decreased sperm motility.
- Urine Preservation (Room Temp): Urine preserved at room temperature can see increase in pH, decrease in glucose, increase in urobilinogen, and decrease in ketone presence.
- Bilirubin in Urine: Reagent strip positive for bilirubin suggests conjugated bilirubin, not necessarily unconjugated. Bilirubin isn't attached to protein.
- Reagent Strip Glucose Test Principle: Double sequential enzyme reaction and peroxidase activity of glucose. It doesn't involve copper reduction or mixed enzymes.
- Synovial Fluid Crystals: Monosodium urate crystals in synovial fluid indicate pseudogout.
- Renal Disease Indicator: Protein in urine is the most indicative of renal disease.
- Urine Protein : High protein in urine is indicative of kidney disease.
- Urine Glucose: Low glucose levels in urine.
- Urine Bilirubin: Low bilirubin levels in urine.
- Urine Blood: Low blood levels in urine.
- Laboratory Findings in Intestinal Perforation: Low glucose, high cholesterol, high alkaline phosphatase, and low creatinine.
- Urobilinogen/Porphobilinogen Differentiation: Traditional urine test used to differentiate the two.
- Epithelial Cell Location in Urinary Tract: Squamous, transitional, renal tubular.
- Amniotic Fluid Zone I: Indicates normal findings, excluding significant hemolysis.
- Causes of Acid Urine: Diarrhea, vomiting, starvation, dehydration.
- Tests for Tuberculous Pericarditis: Creatine Kinase, Cholinesterase, Adenosine Deaminase
- Neural Tube Defect Indication: Decrease in α-fetoprotein in mother's test results.
- Sperm Appearance: Viable sperm appears orange using eosin-nigrosin stain.
- Exudative Fluid: Clear fluid with ratio of fluid to serum LD of 0.80, fluid to serum protein of 0.70 and WBC count of 1000/mL.
- Microscopes: Nomarski, interference contrast, phase contrast are types of microscopes.
- Urinary Sediment Parasites: Trichuris trichiura
- Low-Power Microscopy in Urine Sediment: enumerating bacteria, and casts.
- Synovial Fluid Dilution: Dilute acetic acid.
- Fetal Lung Maturity: Phosphatidylglycerol or L/S ratio is most frequently used.
- Urine Urinary Sediment Contaminant Parasite: Enterobius vermicularis.
- Glitter Cells: RBCs, PMNs, Platelets, Bacteria
- Maltese Cross Formation: Oval fat bodies in urinary sediment.
- Oligoclonal Bands in Multiple Sclerosis: present in both CSF and serum, at least five bands in CSF.
- Hemorrhagic vs Traumatic Tap: Clearing of fluid, presence of xanthochromia, the formation of clots, and diminished RBCs.
- Urine Specimen Temperature: Urine specimen should be kept at 32.5-37.7°C for drug testing.
- Ascorbic Acid Inhibition: Ascorbic acid can inhibit leukocyte reagent strip reaction, but not glucose.
- Phenylketonuria (PKU) Test: Guthrie test is used.
- Semen Transport/Collection: Semen should be kept at room temperature and kept in the clinic or home.
- L/S Ratio: 2:1 or higher in adults denotes healthy surfactant.
- 6M Hydrochloric Acid in Hoesch Test: Precipitates hemoglobin or helps measure urobilinogen (depending on test).
- Excessive Fat Metabolism: Indicated by ketone bodies or elevated lipids (such as Cholesterol, Triglycerides) in urine.
Additional Information
- Many of the questions are multiple choice. The question type means you need to learn the possible answers.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts in the AUBF-MTAP 2024 curriculum, focusing on topics such as transudative effusion, urine preservation methods, and analysis of body fluids. Ideal for students preparing for examinations in medical laboratory science. Test your understanding of these key areas and improve your retention of critical information.
