AUBF-MTAP 2024 Past Paper PDF

## AUBF-MTAP 2024 **1. Each of the following conditions may produce transudative effusion, EXCEPT:** * a. Cirrhosis * b. Nephrotic syndrome * **c. Congestive heart failure** * d. Pleural infection **2. The PAH test is dependent on:** * 1. Glomerular filtration * 2. Tubular reabsorption * 3. Tub...

## AUBF-MTAP 2024 **1. Each of the following conditions may produce transudative effusion, EXCEPT:** * a. Cirrhosis * b. Nephrotic syndrome * **c. Congestive heart failure** * d. Pleural infection **2. The PAH test is dependent on:** * 1. Glomerular filtration * 2. Tubular reabsorption * 3. Tubular secretion * 4. Renal blood flow * a. Only 3 * b. 1 and 2 * **c. 3 and 4** * d. 1, 2, 3, and 4 **3. If refrigeration is used to preserve a urine specimen, which of the following may occur?** * a. Cellular or bacterial glycolysis will be encountered * b. Formed elements will be destroyed * **c. Amorphous crystals will precipitate** * d. Bacteria will proliferate **4. The specific gravity of the glomerular ultrafiltrate is:** * a. 1.000 * b. 1.010 * **c. 1.025** * d. 1.040 **5. Reasons for analyzing amniotic fluid include the following except:** * a. To diagnose genetic and congenital neural tube disorders * b. To assess fetal liver maturity * c. To assess fetal lung maturity * **d. To detect fetal distress from hemolytic disease of the newborn** **6. If the first portion of a semen specimen is not collected, the semen analysis will have which of the following?** * a. Decreased pH * **b. Decreased sperm count** * c. Increased viscosity * d. Decreased sperm motility **7. All of the following are changes that may occur in a urine specimen allowed to remain unpreserved at room temperature except:** * a. Increased pH * **b. Decreased glucose** * c. Increased urobilinogen * d. Decreased ketone **8. A reagent strip tests positive for bilirubin, it can be assumed that the bilirubin is present in the urine:** * **a. Is conjugated** * b. Is attached to protein * c. Has passed through the small intestine * d. Is unconjugated **9. Which of the following is the principle of the reagent strip test for glucose?** * a. A double sequential enzyme reaction * b. The peroxidase activity of glucose * c. Copper reduction * **d. Buffered reactions of mixed enzyme** **10. The presence of monosodium urate crystals in the synovial fluid is characteristics of which of the following?** * a. Rheumatoid arthritis * b. Osteoarthritis * c. Pseudogout * **d. Gout** **11. Which of the routine chemical tests performed on urine is the most indicative of renal disease?** * a. Protein * b. Glucose * c. Bilirubin * **d. Blood** **12. What term is used to denote proteinuria that cannot be detected by routinely used reagent strips?** * a. Microalbuminuria * b. Postural proteinuria * **c. Orthostatic proteinuria** * d. Benign proteinuria **13. Which of the following laboratory findings in the peritoneal fluid is highly diagnostic for intestinal perforation?** * a. Low glucose * b. Increased cholesterol * **c. Increased alkaline phosphatase** * d. Low creatinine **14. What is the traditional urine test for differentiating urobilinogen and porphobilinogen?** * a. Ehrlich * b. Rothera * **c. Blondheim** * d. Watson-Schwartz **15. The location of epithelial cells in the urinary tract in descending order is:** * **a. Squamous, transitional, renal tubular** * b. Renal tubular, transitional, squamous * c. Transitional, renal tubular, squamous * d. Squamous, renal tubular, transitional **16. A ΔA450 value in amniotic fluid that falls into zone I indicates:** * a. a normal finding without significant hemolysis * b. severe hemolysis * c. moderate hemolysis * **d. high fetal risk** **17. In semen analysis, a decreased in which of the following is most associated with prostatic cancer?** * a. Sucrose * **b. Zinc** * c. Fructose * d. WBCs **18. Elevated peritoneal urea nitrogen and creatinine associated with elevated serum urea but normal creatinine suggests:** * a. Malignancy * b. Tuberculous peritonitis * **c. Acute pericarditis** * d. Bladder rupture **19. Focal segmental glomerular nephritis is associated with which of the following?** * a. Untreated streptococcal infections * **b. Diabetes mellitus** * c. Heroin abuse * d. Autoimmune disorders **20. Anti-glomerular basement antibody is seen with:** * a. Wegener's granulomatosis * b. Goodpasture's syndrome * **c. IgA nephropathy** * d. Diabetic nephropathy **21. What is the ideal urine specimen for urobilinogen testing?** * **a. 2-hour spx collected between 2 and 4pm** * b. 2-hour spx collected between 2 and 4 am * c. 24-hour spx preserved with HCl * d. 24-hour specimen collected in dark bottle **22. Differentiation of synovial fluid crystals, based on their birefringence, is achieved using:** * a. Transmission electron microscopy * b. Compensated polarizing microscopy * **c. Direct polarizing microscopy** * d. Phase contrast microscopy **23. Which of the following tests is used to evaluate the tubular secretion function of the kidneys?** * a. Urine osmolality * **b. Creatinine clearance** * c. PAH * d. None of the above **24. Which of the following results is not consistent with cystitis?** | | | |---|---| | **Color:** | Yellow | | **Clarity:** | Hazy | | **Specific Gravity:** | 1.015 | | **pH:** | 7.0 | | **WBC:** | 80-100/hpf | | **RBC:** | 5-10/hpf | | **Protein:** | 1+ | | **Glucose:** | Negative | | **Ketones:** | Negative | | **Bilirubin:** |Negative | | **RTE:** | 10-15/hpf | | **Blood:** | Trace | | **Urobilinogen:** | 1.0 | | **Nitrite:** | Positive | | **Leukocyte esterase:** | ++ | | **Many bacteria** | | * a. pH * **b. Protein** * c. 5-10 RBCs/hpf * d. 10-15 RTE/hpf **25. Amniotic fluid for fetal lung maturity testing should be preserved:** * a. In the refrigerator * b. At room temperature * **c. In a dark container** * d. At 37 degrees Celsius **26. The classic Ehrlich's reaction is based on the reaction of urobilinogen with:** * a. Dinzotized dichloroaniline * **b. P-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde** * c. p-dicholorobenzene diazonium salt * d. p-aminobenzoic acid **27. How many leukocytes are normally present in the CSF obtained from an adult?** * a. 0-30 cells/uL * b. 0-20 cell/uL * c. 0-10 cell/uL * **d. 0.5 cell/uL** **28. All of the following can cause acid urine, except:** * a. Diarrhen * b. Vomiting * **c. Starvation** * d. Dehydration **29. Useful adjunctive test for tuberculous pericarditis in cases with negative stains in which tuberculosis is suspected:** * a. Creatine kinase * **b. Cholinesterase** * c. Adenosine deaminase * d. Pyruvate kinnse **30. Which of the following results of a test on the mother would suggest a possible neural tube defect in the fetus?** * a. A positive antibody screen * **b. A glucose value of 140 mg/dl.** * c. A decrease of a-fetoprotein result * d. An increase of a-fetoprotein result **31. Which of the following dyes are used in Sternheimer-Malbin stain?** * a. Black * b. Orange * c. Red * **d. Methylene blue and safranin** **32. Appearance/color of viable sperm using eosin-nigrosin stain:** * **a. Hematoxylin and eosin** * b. Crystal violet and safranin * c. Methylene blue and cosin * d. White **33. Which of the following sets of results most closely indicates and exudate?** * a. Clear, ratio of fluid to serum LD of 0.80, ratio of fluid to serum protein of (0.70, WBC count of 1000/mL * **b. Cloudy, ratio of fluid to serum L.D of (0.4, ratio of fluid to serum protein of 0.5, WBC count of 800/mL** * c. Cloudy, ratio of fluid to serum LD of (0.8, ratio of fluid to serum protein of 0.7. WBC count of 2500/mL.. * d. Clear, ratio of fluid to serum LD of (0.45, ratio of fluid to serum protein of (0.40, WBC count of 800/mL **34. Nomarski microscope is an example of:** * **a. Interference contrast microscope** * b. Phase contrast microscope * c. Polarizing microscope * d. Bright-field microscope ** 35. The ova of which parnsite may be found in the urinary sediment?** * a. Trichomonas vaginalis * **b. Schistosoma haematobium** * c. Entamoeba histolytica * d. Trichuris trichiura **36. When the laboratorian performs the microscopic examination of urine sediment, which of the following are enumerated using low-power magnification?** * a. Bacteria * b. Rod blood cells * **c. Casts** * d. Renal tubular cells ** 37. A synovial fluid has a high cell count and requires dilution to be counted. Which of the following diluents should be used?** * a. Dilute acetic acid * **b. Dilute methanol** * c. Normal saline * d. Phosphate buffer solution **38. Which is the reference method for determining fotal lung maturity?** * **a. Phosphatidylglycerol** * b. L/S ratio * c. Amniotic fluid bilirubin * d. Acetylcholinesterase **39. So far, the most frequently encountered contaminant parasite in the urine is:** * a. Schistosoma haematobium * ** b. Trichomonas vaginalis** * c. Gardnerella vaginalis * d. Enterobius vermicularis **40. Glitter cells are:** * a. RBCs * **b. PMNs** * c. Platelets * d. Bacteria **41. When using polarized light microscopy, which urinary sediment component exhibits Maltese cross formation?** * a. RBC * **b. Oval fat bodies** * c. Yeast * d. Parasites **42. Oligoclonal bands are significant in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis when:** * a. They are seen in both the serum and CSF * b. At least five bands are seen in the CSF * **c. They are seen in the CSF and not in the serum** * d. None of the above **43. Which observation is least useful in distinguishing a hemorrhagic serous fluid from a traumatic tap?** * a. Clearing of fluid as it is aspirated * b. Presence of xanthochromia * **c. The formation of a clot** * d. Diminished RBCs in successive aliquot **44. Urine specimen for drug testing must have what temperature range:** * a. 30-40°C * b. 32.5-37.7°C * **c. 35.2-37.5°C** * d. 32.7-35.5°C **45. A large urinary concentration of ascorbic acid may inhibit the following reagent strip reaction, except:** * a. Leukocyte * b. Blood * c. Ketones * **d. Glucose** **46. What is the most commonly used blood test for diagnosing phenylketonuria (PKU)?** * **a. Benedicts** * b. Ehrlich * c. Guthrie * d. Rothera **47. If semen collection occurs at the physician's office or patient's home, what care should be taken during transport?** * a. Determination of liquefaction time * **b. Temperature should be maintained at room temperature** * c. Specimen must be submitted within 2 hours * d. Specimen must be kept at 37 degrees Celsius **48. Which of the following statements regarding the L/S ratio is true?** * a. A ratio of 2:1 or greater usually indicates adequate surfactant to prevent respiratory distress syndrome * b. A ratio of 1.5:1 indicates fetal lung maturity in pregnancies associated with diabetes mellitus * **c. Sphingomyelin levels increase during the third trimester, causing the L/S ratio to fall slightly during the last 2 weeks of gestation** * d. A phosphatidylglycerol (PG) spot indicates the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid **49. What is the purpose of the 6M hydrochloric acid in the Hoesch test?** * a. Inhibits porphobilinogen * b. Inhibits urobilinogen * **c. Precipitate hemoglobin** * d. Accelerates the reaction with urobilinogen **50. Excessive fat metabolism, as seen in diabetes mellitus, is indicated by the presence in the urine of:** * a. Cholesterol * b. Triglycerides * **c. Ketone bodies** * d. Glucose