Ancient Greece City-States and Government

Ancient Greece was located in southeastern Europe, bordered by the Aegean Sea to the east and the Ionian Sea to the west.
The country was divided into city-states, each with its own government, laws, and customs.
Some of the most famous city-states include:
- Athens: Known for its cultural and philosophical achievements.
- Sparta: Focused on military strength and discipline.
- Corinth: A major trade center.

Ancient Greece was the first civilization to establish a democratic system of government.
In Athens, citizens (male, free-born, and land-owning) had the right to participate in the government.
The Athenian government consisted of:
- The Ekklesia: A legislative assembly made up of citizens.
- The Boule: A council of 500 citizens who prepared laws for the Ekklesia.
- The Archons: Nine high-ranking officials who oversaw various aspects of the government.

Ancient Greece was home to some of the most influential philosophers in history.
Famous philosophers include:
- Socrates: Known for his method of questioning, which is now called the Socratic method.
- Plato: Founded the Academy in Athens, one of the earliest institutions of higher learning.
- Aristotle: Taught Alexander the Great and made significant contributions to fields such as biology, physics, and ethics.

Ancient Greek art is characterized by its emphasis on proportion, balance, and harmony.
Famous architectural styles include:
- The Doric style: Characterized by simple, robust columns.
- The Ionic style: Features more ornate columns with scroll-like decorations.
- The Corinthian style: The most decorative, with intricate carvings and ornate details.
The Parthenon, a temple in Athens, is one of the most famous examples of ancient Greek architecture.

Ancient Greek mythology was a collection of stories and legends that explained the origins of the world and the lives of the gods.
The gods and goddesses lived on Mount Olympus and were believed to have control over various aspects of life.
Famous myths include:
- Persephone and Demeter: A story about the changing of the seasons.
- Theseus and the Minotaur: A hero's quest to defeat a monster.
- Orpheus and Eurydice: A tragic love story.

Ancient Greece made significant contributions to:
- Theater: Developed the genres of tragedy and comedy.
- Science: Made advancements in fields such as mathematics, astronomy, and medicine.
- Politics: Developed the concept of democracy and influenced the development of Western governments.

Ancient Greece was situated in southeastern Europe, bordered by the Aegean Sea and the Ionian Sea.
The country was divided into city-states, each with its own distinct government, laws, and customs.
Notable city-states include:
- Athens, renowned for cultural and philosophical achievements
- Sparta, focused on military strength and discipline
- Corinth, a major trade center

Ancient Greece pioneered the concept of democracy.
In Athens, male, free-born, and land-owning citizens had the right to participate in government.
The Athenian government comprised:
- The Ekklesia, a legislative assembly of citizens
- The Boule, a council of 500 citizens who prepared laws for the Ekklesia
- The Archons, nine high-ranking officials overseeing various aspects of government

Ancient Greece was a hub for influential philosophers who shaped Western thought.
Notable philosophers include:
- Socrates, known for his method of questioning (the Socratic method)
- Plato, founder of the Academy in Athens, one of the earliest institutions of higher learning
- Aristotle, who taught Alexander the Great and made significant contributions to biology, physics, and ethics

Ancient Greek art is characterized by proportion, balance, and harmony.
Famous architectural styles include:
- The Doric style, marked by simple, robust columns
- The Ionic style, featuring ornate columns with scroll-like decorations
- The Corinthian style, the most decorative, with intricate carvings and ornate details
The Parthenon, a temple in Athens, is a iconic example of ancient Greek architecture

Ancient Greek mythology comprised stories and legends explaining the world's origins and the lives of gods.
The gods and goddesses resided on Mount Olympus, believed to control various aspects of life.
Notable myths include:
- Persephone and Demeter, explaining the changing of the seasons
- Theseus and the Minotaur, a hero's quest to defeat a monster
- Orpheus and Eurydice, a tragic love story

Ancient Greece made significant contributions to:
- Theater, developing tragedy and comedy genres
- Science, advancing fields such as mathematics, astronomy, and medicine
- Politics, developing the concept of democracy and influencing Western governments