24 Questions
What is the primary function of the peroneal muscles in the ankle?
Resisting the inversion pull of the deep plantarflexors
What is a potential consequence of weakness in the tibialis anterior or dorsiflexor muscles?
Significant negative impact on gait
What is the primary source of ankle stability during lateral movements?
Peroneal muscles
What is the role of the intrinsic foot muscles during dynamic activities?
Provide stability to the foot
What is a characteristic of the intrinsic foot muscles?
Synergistic and load-dependent
What is the significance of the Achilles tendon in high-speed running?
Stores and recovers elastic strain energy
What is a consequence of weakness in the peroneal muscles?
Unopposed inversion torque
What is an important consideration for exercises targeting the peroneal muscles?
Incorporate change of direction and jumping tasks
What percentage of compressive forces during standing pass through the mortise formed by the talus and the tibia?
90%
What is the primary function of the subtalar joint?
To translate motion from the foot to the tibia and vice versa
What is the approximate tensile load the deep portion of the plantar fascia can withstand?
1,000 to 1,500 N
What happens to the plantar fascia in a flat foot with a dropped arch?
It becomes weaker and overstretched
During which position are inversion sprains more likely to occur?
Plantarflexion
What is the main movement of the subtalar joint during gait?
Pronation and supination
What happens to the talus during dorsiflexion in the talocrural joint?
It becomes wider
What is the primary pathway for compressive forces between the ankle and the foot?
The talocrural joint
What is the primary function of the plantar fascia during locomotion?
To create tension and raise the medial longitudinal arch
Which ankle position generates the most torque during fast walking and running?
Dorsiflexion
What is the estimated moment arm of the Achilles tendon for plantarflexion?
5cm
Which muscles are the primary contributors to propulsion and support of the body mass during fast walking and running?
Soleus and gastrocnemius
What is the role of the Achilles tendon during running?
To store strain energy and contribute to the work done by the ankle plantarflexors
What happens to the tendon elastic strain energy contribution to overall positive work generated by the muscle-tendon unit as running speed increases?
It increases significantly
What is the relationship between the strength and stiffness of the Achilles tendon and the efficiency of running?
The strength and stiffness of the Achilles tendon are important contributors to the efficiency of running
What is the mechanism that creates tension in the plantar fascia and raises the medial longitudinal arch during push-off?
The windlass mechanism
Learn about the role of plantarflexors, tibialis anterior, and peroneal muscles in gait, ankle stability, and high speed running. Understand the importance of strength and coordination exercises.
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