Wireless LANs.pdf

BSIT 3 BA NETWORKING 2 WIRELESS LANS (WLANS) Overview and Applications  INTRODUCTION TO WLANS "A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) uses radio waves to transmit data, allowing devices to connect wirelessly within a localized area." Key Points: Provides flexib...

BSIT 3 BA NETWORKING 2 WIRELESS LANS (WLANS) Overview and Applications  INTRODUCTION TO WLANS "A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) uses radio waves to transmit data, allowing devices to connect wirelessly within a localized area." Key Points: Provides flexibility by eliminating the need for physical cabling. Supports mobility within the range of the network. Commonly used in homes, offices, and public spaces for easy internet access.  "IEEE 802.11 is a set of standards developed by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) for wireless LANs." Details: IEEE 802.11 Covers Physical Layer (radio wave specifications) and Data Link Layer STANDARD (handling data flow). Defines transmission protocols, security mechanisms, and data rates. Variants include 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac, each improving speed and range.  WLAN ARCHITECTURE - BSS Basic Service Set (BSS): Defined as the fundamental building block of a WLAN. Single Access Point (AP) connects wireless devices within range. Used for small-scale networks, like in a home or a single office.  WLAN ARCHITECTURE - ESS Extended Service Set (ESS): Composed of multiple BSSs connected through a distribution system (usually a wired LAN). Provides broader coverage by linking multiple APs, ideal for larger spaces like campuses. Function of MAC Sublayer: Responsible for reliable data delivery, access control, and network security. Main MAC Services: Reliable Data Delivery: Ensures data MEDIUM ACCESS packets reach their destination. Access Control: Manages how devices CONTROL (MAC) access the wireless medium to prevent collisions. SUBLAYER Security: Controls user access and data protection (e.g., encryption). TYPES OF NETWORKS IN WLAN PICONET SCATTERNET  PICONET The smallest Bluetooth network unit, consisting of one primary device and up to seven secondary devices. Devices communicate within a limited range (about 10 meters).  SCATTERNET Formed when multiple piconets are interconnected. Allows a device to act as a secondary in one piconet and a primary in another. Provides extended range and flexibility in device communication. WLAN APPLICATIONS LAN EXTENSION CROSS-BUILDING INTERCONNECT NOMADIC ACCESS AD HOC NETWORKING  LAN EXTENSION WLANs reduce cabling needs, making it easier to rearrange or expand the network. Ideal for areas where installing cables is impractical.  CROSS-BUILDING INTERCONNECT Connects LANs across buildings using point-to-point wireless links. Useful for expanding networks between nearby buildings without running cables.  NOMADIC ACCESS Provides connectivity between a LAN hub and mobile terminals. Effective for large spaces, like campuses, enabling users to connect from various locations.  AD HOC NETWORKING A peer-to-peer network where devices communicate directly. Temporarily set up for specific tasks, useful for events or meetings requiring a quick network setup.  WLAN REQUIREMENTS Key Factors for WLANs: Security: Protection from unauthorized access and data breaches. Reliability: Ensures stable connections, even with multiple users. Efficiency: Optimal data transmission speed and reduced interference. Challenges: Bandwidth Allocation: Managing limited bandwidth as more devices connect. Interference: Overcoming signal interference from other devices and networks. THANK YOU !